Aims & Hypothesis

• DIRECTIONAL HYPOTHESIS • A directional hypothesis predicts that the independent variable will have an effect on the

  dependent variable in a specific direction.

  “Students who completed the memory test in silence

  will recall more words than those who listened to

  music

  
  

  
  

  - USED WHEN There's PREVIOUS RESEARCH to support
• NON-DIRECTIONAL HYPOTHESIS • A non-directional predicts a difference in results but does

  not state the direction of those results.

  • “There will be a difference in the amount of words

  students recall when completing the memory test in

  silence than those who listened to music ’’

  
  

  
  

  - does not say what the difference is gonna be
• THE NULL HYPOTHESIS • The hypothesis that states that the IV will NOT affect the DV. “There will be NO difference There will be a no DIFFERNCE in the amount of words students recall when completing the memory test in silence when compared to those who listened to music ’’
• a aim is a general statement based on what the psychologist in a research