unlawful dangerous act manslaughter

• What is the title of the Act related to involuntary manslaughter mentioned in the study material?

  Attempts Act 1981
• What constitutes involuntary manslaughter according to the study material?

  It is defined as an unlawful and dangerous act.
• What does the term 'actus reus' refer to in the context of involuntary manslaughter?

  It refers to the physical act or conduct that constitutes a criminal offense.
• According to Lowe, what must be present for an act to qualify as involuntary manslaughter?

  There must be an act, not merely an omission.
• What does the case of Franklin establish regarding involuntary manslaughter?

  The act must be a criminal offense.
• What is the significance of the cases Cato, Dalby, and Kennedy in relation to involuntary manslaughter?

  The act must be close enough to a criminal offense.
• According to Church and Ball, when is an act considered dangerous?

  An act is dangerous if all sober and reasonable people would foresee the risk of some harm.
• What do the cases Dawson and Watson state about unlawful dangerous acts?

  The unlawful dangerous act must cause the death directly.
• What does the case of Goodfellow indicate about the target of an unlawful act?

  The act does not have to be targeted at the victim.
• According to Lambory, what is insufficient for establishing mens rea in involuntary manslaughter?

  Recklessness is insufficient.
• What cases are referenced regarding mens rea in involuntary manslaughter?

  Mohan, Woollin, Matthews, and Cunningham.
• What is the second type of involuntary manslaughter mentioned in the study material?

  Gross negligence.