5.1.2

    Cards (22)

    • What is a catalyst?
      A substance that speeds up reactions
    • What does concentration refer to in a solution?
      Amount of substance per unit volume
    • What characterizes an endothermic reaction?
      It takes in energy from the surroundings
    • How does the energy of products compare to reactants in an endothermic reaction?
      Products have higher energy than reactants
    • What does equilibrium mean in a chemical reaction?
      Forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate
    • What is the equilibrium constant (K)?
      A value relating products and reactants at equilibrium
    • What factors affect the equilibrium constant (K)?
      K is affected by temperature only
    • What is an exothermic reaction?
      A reaction that gives out energy to surroundings
    • How does the energy of reactants compare to products in an exothermic reaction?
      Reactants have higher energy than products
    • What defines heterogeneous equilibrium?
      Involves substances in different states
    • What defines homogeneous equilibrium?
      Involves substances all in the same state
    • How is the equilibrium constant (K) calculated?
      K = products' concentrations / reactants' concentrations
    • What is excluded from heterogeneous K expressions?
      Liquids and solids are excluded
    • Why are liquids and solids excluded from K expressions?
      Their concentrations remain constant
    • What does K<sub>p</sub> represent in chemistry?
      The equilibrium constant for gas reactions
    • How is K<sub>p</sub> calculated?
      Products' partial pressures over reactants' partial pressures
    • What is the formula for mole fraction X<sub>A</sub>?
      X<sub>A</sub> = n<sub>A</sub>/n
    • What does n<sub>A</sub> represent in the mole fraction formula?
      The number of moles of component A
    • What is the definition of partial pressure?
      Pressure exerted by one gas in a mixture
    • How is the partial pressure P<sub>A</sub> calculated?
      P<sub>A</sub> = P X<sub>A</sub>
    • What does P represent in the partial pressure formula?
      The total pressure of the gas mixture
    • What does X<sub>A</sub> signify in the context of partial pressure?
      The mole fraction of gas A in the mixture
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