Citizenship Theme C

• What is a law?

  A system that is protected by law
• What happens once a decision is made by a court?

  It becomes law for future similar cases
• What role does the government play in law?

  It protects and creates laws for society
• What is the focus of criminal cases?

  Offences such as murder and rape
• Who prosecutes offenders in criminal cases?

  The Crown Prosecution Service
• What is the role of judges in England and Wales?

  They hear criminal cases in courts
• What is a judge's responsibility?

  To decide qualities of law in court
• What is a jury?

  A group deciding guilt in court
• What is the nature of a crime?

  A crime is against societal norms
• What does it mean to accuse someone?

  To claim someone has done wrong
• What is the role of a lawyer?

  To advise and represent clients in court
• What is a solicitor?

  Someone who provides legal advice
• What is a barrister?

  A lawyer who may speak in court
• What is a mitigating factor?

  A reason for a lighter sentence
• What is a pre-trial judge?

  A barrister or solicitor with experience
• What is the role of a mediator?

  To resolve disputes between parties
• What is an ombudsman?

  An official investigating complaints
• What are tribunals used for?

  To resolve specific types of disputes
• What is a community sentence?

  A sentence requiring community living conditions
• What is the purpose of the criminal justice system?

  To rehabilitate offenders
• What is the age range for young offenders?

  Typically between 10 and 18 years
• What is the main source of law in the UK?

  Legislation
• What is common law?

  Law made by judges' decisions
• What does the Council of Europe aim to protect?

  Human rights, democracy, and rule of law
• What is the difference between criminal law and civil law?

  Criminal law involves government and lawbreakers
• What are examples of civil disputes?

  Family, consumer, and property matters
• What is the maximum sentence in a crown court?

  Life imprisonment
• What is the role of the Crown Prosecution Service?

  To advise police and prosecute cases
• What is the purpose of mediation?

  To help parties reach an agreement
• What are the advantages of mediation?

  Cheaper, quicker, and more flexible
• What must happen before going to an ombudsman?

  Follow the organization's complaints procedure
• What happens if an ombudsman finds a justified complaint?

  They recommend actions to be taken
• What is the role of a jury in a trial?

  To determine the guilt of the defendant
• What is the role of circuit judges and magistrates?

  To hear less serious cases in the UK
• What is the purpose of tribunals?

  To resolve work-related disputes
• What is the nature of community protection notices?

  To monitor offenders in the community
• What is the role of a pre-trial judge?

  To oversee cases before they go to trial
• What is the significance of the statement of an offence?

  It outlines the facts of the case
• What is the goal of changing an offender's behavior?

  To reduce recidivism and improve society
• What does it mean to limit your chances in court?

  To reduce the likelihood of a negative outcome