States of matter

• What is density defined as?

  Amount of matter per unit volume
• How does particle proximity affect density?

  Closer particles increase density
• What is the formula for density?

  Density = mass/volume
• How can volume be calculated from mass and density?

  Volume = mass/density
• What is the formula to calculate mass from density and volume?

  Mass = density x volume
• What is the density of aluminium with a mass of 5420kg and a volume of 2m³?

  2710 kg/m³
• How do you calculate the mass of a copper cube with a volume of 125cm³ and density of 8.96g/cm³?

  1120g
• What causes gas pressure?

  Particles colliding with each other or walls
• What two factors affect gas pressure?

  Temperature and volume
• What happens to gas pressure when temperature increases?

  Gas pressure increases
• How does volume affect gas pressure?

  Increased volume decreases gas pressure
• What is a pure substance?

  Single element or compound with nothing added
• How do impurities affect melting and boiling points?

  Reduce melting point, increase boiling point
• What is specific heat capacity?

  Energy needed to raise 1kg by 1°C
• What is the formula for change in thermal energy?

  ΔE = mxcΔθ
• What are the units for specific heat capacity?

  J/kg°C
• How do you calculate the energy required to heat a substance?

  Change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change
• What is the energy required to heat a 5kg block of aluminium by 10°C?

  45000 J
• What is specific latent heat?

  Energy needed to melt or vaporise 1kg
• What are the two types of specific latent heat?

  Fusion and vaporisation
• What is specific latent heat of fusion?

  Energy for solid to liquid transition
• What is specific latent heat of vaporisation?

  Energy for liquid to gas transition
• How do you calculate specific latent heat?

  Specific latent heat = energy for change of state / mass
• What is the specific latent heat of fusion for a substance if 240,000J is needed to change 4kg from solid to liquid?

  60,000 J/kg