Cyanobacterium

• What are pigments found in cyanobacteria?

  Chlorophyll, Carotenoids, Phycobilins (phycoerythrin, phycocyanin)

  They can appear as red, black, yellow, brown, or purple
• What are the different forms of cyanobacteria?

  Filaments, sometimes with branches. Spherical or plate-like colonies
• What are their specialized cells?

  Heterocysts (nitrogen fixation)

  Akinetes (resting cells)

  
• Cyanobacteria metabolism?

  Photosynthesis, have no chloroplasts but have thylakoid membranes needed for ATP synthesis.
• Cyanobacteria metabolism?

  Nitrogen fixation happens in special anaerobic cells since oxygen inhibits nitrogen fixation
• Cyanobacteria symbiosis?

  Hollow polar bear hairs, fungi, lichen, azolla, amoebae, and diatoms.

  When in a symbiotic relationship they loose their cell walls and function as chloroplasts.

  
• What pigments are found in Prochlorobacteria?

  Chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, no phycobilins

  These pigments match those of higher plants
• Prochlorobacteria?

  Live on sea squirts, are unicellular. Direct evidence for the endosymbiosis theory