CHANGING PLACES

• endogenous factors - internal factors that shape a place's character
• endogenous factors:

  • location
  • topography
  • physical geography
  • land use
  • the built environment
  • demographic characteristics
• exogenous factors - external factors that influence a place's character
• exogenous factors:

  • relative location
  • migration
  • flows of investment
  • tourism
• genius loci - the spirit of a place

  • every place has a unique spirit or atmosphere
• insider perspective:

  • feel at home in a place
  • born there
  • have a citizienship
  • fluent in local language and conform with idioms
  • conforms with social norms and behavioural traits
• outsider perspective:

  • don't belong to a place e.g immigrants
  • unfamiliar with surrondings
  • place visually looks different
• endogenus factors of a place

  land use

  • topography
  • physical geography
  • infrastructure
  • demographic characteristics
  • location
  • economic characterisitcs
• exogenus factors - people

  • people - impact of tourists , workers , migrants and refugees of people in an area over time e.g Germany has 1.4 million asylum seekers - conflict
• money and investment as an exogenuos factor

  trade deals , tax , major events (e.g sports competitions) , new businesses or movement of business from an area

  • invesment into the Stratford , London before and during and after it hosted the olympics has had a long-lasting impact on its place character , smaller sporting events may have a short-term impact
• resources as an exogenous factor

  availability of raw materials , products , food , water and energy`

  • due to good transportation networks , UK is food secure. If crops fail one year more food can be imported from other countries to make up for deficit. In less developed countries this is unlikely to be possible
• ideas an exogenous factor

  entrepeneurs may move to an area bringing other businesses with them. Ideas could be information about an area from another country. Designers drive creative processes within an area

  • e.g Dan Gilbert