respiration

• electron transport chain

  1 - NADH from glycolysis and CAS releases electrons and pass them to electron transport chain

  2- electrons are passed along the ETC releasing energy, which is used to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane

  3- when the hydrogen ions flow back down the concentration gradient to the matrix they pass through molecules of ATP synthase causing it to rotate so ATP is produced

  4- the hydrogen ions and electrons combine with oxygen to form water
• what can ATP be used for?

  • DNA replication
  • active transport
  • synthetic pathways
  • muscle contraction
• what do dehydrogenase enzymes do when turning intermediates to pyruvate

  Removes hydrogen/ions and electrons

  and passes them to NAD