research

• Nature of Inquiry and Research:

  • Inquiry is the process of looking for information by asking questions about something you are curious about
  • Research is the process of discovering truths by investigating a chosen topic scientifically
• Inquiry is a learning process that motivates obtaining knowledge or information about people, things, places, or events

  • It involves collecting data, facts, and information about the object of inquiry and examining it carefully
  • It is an active learning process and a problem-solving technique
  • It elevates one's thinking power and encourages cooperative learning
• Governing Principles or Foundation of Inquiry:

  • John Dewey's theory of connected experiences for exploratory and reflective thinking
  • Lev Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) emphasizing provocation and scaffolding in learning
  • Jerome Bruner's theory on learners' varied world perceptions for interpretative thinking
• Benefits of Inquiry-Based Learning:

  • Elevates interpretative thinking through graphic skills
  • Improves student learning abilities
  • Widens learners' vocabulary
  • Facilitates problem-solving acts
  • Increases social awareness and cultural knowledge
  • Encourages cooperative learning
  • Provides mastery of procedural knowledge
  • Encourages higher-order thinking strategies
  • Hastens conceptual understanding
• Nature of Research:

  • Research includes gathering data, information, and facts for the advancement of knowledge
  • It is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase understanding of a topic or issue
  • It is a studious inquiry or examination aimed at discovering and interpreting facts or revising accepted theories
  • Research requires asking questions to engage in top-level thinking strategies for interpreting, analyzing, synthesizing, and creating to discover truth
• Characteristics of Research:

  • Accuracy
  • Objectiveness
  • Timeliness
  • Relevance
  • Clarity
  • Systematic
• Purposes of Research:

  • To learn how to work independently
  • To learn how to work scientifically or systematically
  • To have in-depth knowledge of something
  • To elevate mental abilities by thinking in higher-order thinking strategies
  • To improve reading and writing skills
  • To be familiar with basic research tools and techniques
  • To free oneself from the influence of a single viewpoint or textbook
• Types of Research:

  • Basic Research: concerned with knowledge for theory's sake
  • Applied Research: shows how findings can be applied or summarized into teaching methodology
  • Practical Research: applies research findings to a specific teaching situation
• Types of Research based on Application:

  • Pure Research: deals with concepts or principles to increase knowledge
  • Applied Research: applies research to societal problems for positive changes
• Types of Research based on Purpose:

  • Descriptive Research: aims at defining or giving a portrayal of a person, thing, event, or situation
  • Correlation Research: shows relationships between factors or agents affecting the research
  • Explanatory Research: explains reasons behind relationships of factors
  • Exploratory Research: finds out the feasibility of conducting a research study on a topic
  • Action Research: ongoing practice for obtaining results that bring improvements
• Types of Research based on Data Needed:

  • Qualitative Research: uses non-numerical data to investigate people's thoughts, beliefs, and feelings
  • Quantitative Research: involves numerical data measurement like percentages and numbers
• Approaches to Research:

  • Scientific or Positive Approach: discover and measure information in an impersonal manner using structured interviews and questionnaires
  • Naturalistic Approach: deals with qualitative data about how people behave in their surroundings
  • Triangulation Approach: combines scientific and naturalistic approaches, allowing the use of multiple methods for data gathering and analysis