3rd

• Barriers to Intercultural Communication:

  • Prejudice:
  • Negative attitude toward a group
  • Little-to-no experience
  • Examples include racism, classism, sexism, ableism, ageism
  • Discrimination:
  • Excluding/avoiding people
  • Stereotyping:
  • Making assumptions and labeling based on generalizations
  • Generalizing and categorizing groups of people based on a certain view on them
  • Ethnocentrism:
  • The mindset that your culture is superior to others
  • Looking down on people because they're not good in English
  • The belief that your culture or way is natural
• • Emphasizes respecting the dignity of the human person
  • Virtue Ethics:
  • Aristotle's theory
  • Focuses on an individual's character as key to ethical thinking
  • Common Good Approach:
  • Focuses on the good of the community
  • Aims for social policies and systems that are beneficial for all
• • Emphasizes respecting the dignity of the human person
  • Virtue Ethics:
  • Aristotle's theory
  • Focuses on an individual's character as key to ethical thinking
  • Common Good Approach:
  • Focuses on the good of the community
  • Aims for social policies and systems that are beneficial for all
• Ethics in Communication:

  • Ethics is related to morality
  • Judgment of appropriateness
  • Communication Ethics:
  • Focuses on one's behavior and morals in communicating
  • Approaches to Ethical Decision-Making:
  • Utilitarianism/Utilitarian Ethics:
  • Action minimizes pain and maximizes happiness
  • Promotes the greatest amount of happiness and minimizes harm
  • Aims for the greatest good for a great number of people
  • Moral Duty/Deontological Ethics:
  • Immanuel Kant's theory
  • Involves moral duties, commandments, laws to obey
• Richard Johannesen (2007) guidelines for How to be an Ethical Communicator:

  • Ethical communicators respect their audience
  • Ethical communicators respect the truth
  • Ethical communicators use information properly
  • Ethical communicators do not falsify information