APUSH

• The Proclamation of 1763 prohibited American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains, angering many colonists who wanted to expand their land holdings.
• Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire in 1911 in New York led to the transformation of the labor code of New York and the adoption of safety measures, resulting in 146 deaths
• ILGWU stands for International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union, which combined to raise a fund for the mourning families from the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
• Hudson River School was a mid-19th century art movement that focused on nature, aiming to civilize it before considering it evil or wild
• Muckraking refers to journalists of the Progressive Era who exposed corruption in big businesses and government, influencing the passage of key legislation that strengthened protections for workers and consumers
• "The Jungle" exposed the appalling side of the meat packing industry, highlighting unsanitary conditions
• Ellis Island & Angel Island were the entry points for immigrants in the early 1900s
• Vaudeville was a popular type of entertainment in the US in the early 20th century, featuring a mix of specialty acts like burlesque comedy and song
• Nickelodeons were the first permanent movie theaters in America, converted from stores in 1905, named so because it cost a nickel to enter
• Fordism refers to the system of mass production pioneered by the Ford Motor Company in the early 20th century
• "Scientific Management" is a management theory developed by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the late 19th century to improve economic efficiency, especially labor productivity
• White collar workers are professional or educated workers who perform semi-professional office, administrative, and sales coordination tasks
• Eugene V. Debs organized the American Railway Union, leading to a strike against the Pullman Company of Chicago, and later was arrested for opposing US involvement in WWI
• Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) was a labor organization founded in June 1905, aiming to organize workers along the lines of industrial unions
• Feminist Alliance was a progressive era organization founded in 1914 by feminist Henrietta Rodman and her husband Herman de Fremery
• Margret Sanger was a leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900s
• Society of American Indians, founded in 1911, aimed to promote the discussion of Native American injustices in hopes of getting the issue into public attention
• Initiative & Referendum are electoral devices by which voters may express their wishes regarding government policy or proposed legislation
• Jane Addams’s Hull House was a settlement house she installed in a Chicago ghetto, focusing on improving living conditions
• "Maternalist" Reforms aimed to encourage women’s childbearing abilities and promote their economic independence
• The Square Deal was Theodore Roosevelt’s domestic program, focusing on conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection
• Hepburn Act of 1906 expanded the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission and gave it the power to set maximum railroad rates
• Pure Food and Drug Act & Meat Inspection Act of 1906 aimed to ensure the quality and safety of food and drugs, kickstarting the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
• John Muir & the Sierra Club were involved in environmental conservation efforts in the US
• The 16th Amendment, ratified in 1913, allowed Congress to levy income tax without apportioning it among the states
• Progressive Party, also known as the "Bull Moose" Party, was formed by Theodore Roosevelt in 1912 to advance progressive ideas
• The Federal Reserve System, passed in 1913, is the central bank of the US responsible for developing and administering monetary and credit policies
• The Panic of 1907 was a financial crisis marked by sharp drops in stock prices and a run on the banks
• The Federal Trade Commission (FTC), created in 1914, aimed to preserve competition by preventing unfair business practices
• The Panama Canal Zone was an administrative entity in Panama used by the US from 1903 to 1979, symbolizing US technological and economic power
• The Roosevelt Corollary, declared in December 1904, stated that the US would intervene in the Western Hemisphere to ensure nations fulfilled duties to international creditors
• Dollar Diplomacy involved promising American financial support to other countries, creating political favors
• "Pancho" Villa was a Mexican revolutionary and rival of President Carranza of Mexico
• Franz Ferdinand, archduke of Austria, was assassinated in 1914, leading to the declaration of WWI
• The Lusitania, a British passenger ship, was sunk by German U-boats in 1915, leading to the US entering WWI
• The Zimmerman Telegram was a message from Germany to Mexico encouraging Mexico to invade the US in exchange for German support
• The Fourteen Points were guidelines for rebuilding the postwar world, including ideas on foreign policy and national self-determination
• The League of Nations, created after WWI, aimed to provide a forum for resolving international crises
• The Selective Service Act of 1917 allowed the government to expand the military through conscription
• The War Industries Board was a government agency developed to aid the US in industrial production for the American Army during WWI