PSY 9 - abnormal psychology

• psychological disorder - a psychological dysfunction within an individual associated with distress or impairment in functioning and a response that is not typical or culturally expected.
• what are the 4 Ds of psychopathology?

  Dysfunction, Distress, Deviance, and Danger
• etiology - the study of origins of a particular disorder may it be biological, psychological, or social
• symptom - this is often reported by the client
• syndrome - a group of symptoms
• diagnosis - it involves identifying a specific disorder
• comorbidity - the tendency of a specific disorder to co-occur with another disorder
• In diagnosis (DX);

  other specified - is used in situations in which the clinician chooses to communicate the specific reason that the presentation does not meet the criteria for any disorder
• In diagnosis (DX);

  unspecified - used in situations in which the clinician chooses not to specify the reason that the criteria are not met for adhd or for a specific neurodevelopmental disorder, and includes presentations in which there is insufficient information to make a more specific diagnosis
• equifinality - developmental psychopathology principle that a behavior or disorder may have several causes
• multifinality - multiple outcomes result from a single path
• Psychopathology - is the scientific study of psychological disorders.
• Onset - can either be acute or sudden. It can also be insidious or gradual, the chronological age at which symptoms of a disease or disorder first appear in an individual
• Episodic course - the individual is likely to recover within a few months only to suffer a recurrence of the disorder at a later time. It may repeat throughout a person’s life.
• Chronic course - the disorder tends to last a long time, sometimes a lifetime
• phobia - a psychological

  disorder characterized by marked and persistent fear of an

  object or situation.
• Psychological dysfunction - refers to a breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning.
• Time-limited course - the disorder will improve without treatment in a relatively short period with little or no risk of recurrence.
• Prognosis - the anticipated course of the disorder
• recurrent - occurring often or repeatedly
• pervasive - (especially of an unwelcome influence or physical effect) spreading widely throughout an area or a group of people
• concurrent - existing, happening, or done at the same time