PHILOSOPHY - Lesson 3

• 1. Identity
  2. Consciousness
  3. Rational thought
  4. Moral agency
  5. Social interaction


  Person
• Immaterial essence or innermost aspect of a living being, separate from the physical body.


  Soul
• 1. Physical body and immortal soul
  2. Body as prison or vessel of soul
  3. Body is subject to change, decay, and sensory deception, which can lead to ignorance and distraction from higher truths


  Plato
• The Tripartite Soul;

  1. Brain - Rational and Logical - Seeks truth and is swayed by facts and arguments
  2. Heart - Spirited and Emotional - How feelings fuel your actions
  3. Stomach - Appetitive and Physical Desires - Drives you to eat, have sex, and protect yourself
• 1. Body as the immaterial substrate through which the soul expresses itself and interacts with the external world.
  2. Soul is a vital principle that animates living organisms, including humans.


  Aristotle
• Vegetative - nutrition, growth, reproduction
• Sensitive - perception, emotion, locomotion
• Rational - intellect, moral choice, language
• 1. Dualism
  2. Mind
  3. Man on top of hierarchy
  4. "I think therefore, I am."


  Rene Descartes
• 1. Tabula rasa
  2. Soul begins to know only when the senses begin to perceive


  John Locke
• 1. Right view
  2. Right intention
  3. Right speech
  4. Right action
  5. Right livelihood
  6. Right effort
  7. Right mindfulness
  8. Right concentration


  Eightfold Path