endocrine function

• Diagnostic blood work may include:

  • fasting glucose
  • random glucose
  • hemoglobin A1c
  • blood gases
  • bilirubin level
  • DAT test
• Blood gasses: ketoacidosis
• DAT test: red blood cell destruction, About capatabiliy, blood has mixed, jaundice within 24hr
• urine testing includes:

  • glucose
  • ketones
  • specific gravity
• Random blood glucose: target: 4-7 mol/L when not influenced by diet, after meal 5-10, new onset diabetes requires careful monitoring
• Fasting blood glucose: used to screen for type 1 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes, measures plasma glucose levels after an 8 hour fast
• HGB A1C: measures blood sugar levels over 2-3 months, long-term measure of glucose control that os a result of high levels of glucose attaching to hemoglobin for the life of the red blood cell, helps ensure that patient glucometer is accurate
• urine checks: not as accurate as blood glucose checks
• urine checks: useful check when diabetes is out of control or when sick
• urine checks: when the body is burning fat instead of glucose, except to find moderate or large amount of ketones in urine
• Ketones: when body doesn't have enough insulin, glucose can't enter cells to provide energy, body begins to break down fat as a source of energy which causes ketones to be produced