coronary heart disease

• what is coronary heart disease

  CHD is when you coronary arteries become narrow by fatty material within their walls. these arteries supply your heart with blood containing high levels of oxygen. over time a fatty material called atheroma(plaque) can build up inside your coronary arteries. this process is called atherosclerosis. eventually your arteries may become so narrow that they cannot get enough blood to your heart
• what causes CHD

  CHD is caused by a plaque buildup in the walls of the arteries that supply blood to the heart and other parts of the body. plaque is made up a deposit of cholesterol and other substances in the artery. plaque buildup causes the middle of the arteries to narrow over time, which can partially or totally block the blood flow. this process is called atherosclerosis.
• smocking CHD

  smocking is a major risk factor for CHD. both nicotine and carbon monoxide(from the smoke) put a strain on the heart by making it work faster. they also increase your risk of blood clots. other chemicals in cigarette smoke can damage the lining of your coronary arteries, leading to furring of the arteries. increasing the chance of developing heart disease
• high blood pressure

  High blood pressure (hypertension) puts a strain on your heart and can lead to CHD.Like cholesterol, lipoprotein , also known as LP, is a combination of fat and protein made by the liver. It’s a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis.
• ECG


  measure the electrical activity, rate and regularity of your heartbeat
• echocardiogram 


  use ultrasound(special sound wave) to create a picture of the heart
• exercise stress test

  measure you heart rate while you walk on a treadmill. this helps to determine how well your heart is working when it has to pump more blood.
• chest X-ray 


  use X-ray to create a picture of the heart, lungs and other organs in the chest.
• cardiac catheterization

  checks the inside of your arteries for blockage by inserting a thin, flexible tube through an artery in the groin, arm, or neck to reach the heart. health care professionals can measure blood pressure within the heart and the strength of blood flow through the heart cambers as well as collect blood sample from the heart or inject dye into arteries of the heart.
• coronary angiogram

  monitors blockage and flow of blood through the coronary arteries. uses X-ray to detect dye injected via cardiac catheterization.
• coronary artery calcium scan

  a computed tomography(CT) scan that looks in the coronary arteries for calcium buildup and plaque.
• chest pain discomfort (angina)


  it is the common symptom of CHD. angina can happen when too much plaque build up inside arteries, causing them to narrow. narrowed arteries can cause chest pain because they can block blood flow to your heart muscle and the rest of your body.
• weakness, light-headedness, nausea or cold sweats

  blood flow to the brain may be reduced when the heart rate or rhythm is abnormal (too slow or too fast) or when the heart cannot pump blood adequately because blood flow is blocked, for example, by narrowing of value, it could also be due to a heart attack.
• pain or discomfort in the arm or shoulder

  if a piece of plaque break loose from the artery wall, it can cut off the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart, which may cause a heart attack
• blood thinners are a type of medicine that can help reduce the risk of a heart attack by thinning your blood and preventing clotting. common blood thinning medicines include : low dose aspirin, clopidogrel, rivaroxaban, ticagrelor, prasugrel.
• statins work by slowing down the production of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in your liver. this help remove LDL cholesterol from your blood, which makes a heart attack less likely. not all statin are suitable for everyone, so you many need several different type until you find that's suitable
• Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of a particular hormone in the body, which slows down your heartbeat and some beta blockers improve blood flow.