perception

• Perception


  The processing, organization and interpretation of the detected information by the brain to make sense of it
• Visual cues


  • Tricks the brain uses to understand from limited information how objects and collections of objects are related to each other in three-dimensional space
• Consistencies


  • The way the brain sees objects as the same despite changes in perspective and size
• Monocular depth cues


  • Cues that can be judged using only one eye, such as height in a plane, relative size, occlusion, and linear perspective
• Binocular depth cues


  • Cues that rely on the fact that we have two eyes, such as convergence of the eyes and binocular disparity
• Size consistency


  The brain's assumption that far away objects are smaller than closer ones, which can lead to misinterpretation of depth cues in visual illusions
• Ambiguity


  When the brain doesn't have enough visual cues to suggest features like depth or distance, leading to multiple possible interpretations
• Fiction


  When the brain perceives something that is not actually detected by the senses, as in the Kanizsa triangle illusion
• How does an object's size affect its retinal projection?


  Larger objects have larger retinal projections compared to smaller objects at the same distance.
• What does retinal projection depend on?

  Retinal projection depends on size and distance.
• Why does the smaller tree in the image appear more distant?

  It projects a smaller image on the retina
• What is the relationship between retinal size and perceived distance?

  • Smaller retinal images suggest greater distance
  • Larger retinal images suggest closer proximity
  • This perception is learned through experience
• What is the definition of occlusion in depth perception?


  Occlusion is when objects block parts of others.
• Why does retinal projection depend on size and distance?


  • The closer an object is, the larger its retinal projection.
  • The farther an object is, the smaller its retinal projection.
• How do monocular depth cues help us perceive distance?

  They show how images project onto the retina
• How do we perceive objects that appear higher in our field of vision?

  We perceive them as being farther away
• How does an object's distance affect its retinal projection?

  The farther an object is, the smaller its retinal projection becomes.
• What visual elements or details can you observe in the image?

  • Silhouettes of 3 people walking
  • Straight parallel lines suggesting a path or walkway
  • Rectangular shapes in the background suggesting walls or windows
  • Overall dark, minimalist, and abstract style
• How do monocular depth cues illustrate the concept of depth perception?

  • Objects further away appear smaller
  • The brain interprets size differences as depth
  • Example: Two trees of the same size appear different in size
• What does the height in plane cue demonstrate in visual perception?

  • Objects higher in vision appear distant
  • Relies on eye-level perspective
  • Affects how we interpret spatial relationships
• What is the concept of relative size in depth perception?

  It relates retinal image size to distance
• Why is occlusion considered a powerful depth cue?

  It demonstrates direct blocking relationships between objects.
• How does occlusion create the illusion of depth in this image?

  • The circular object appears to be in front of the rectangular background
  • This overlapping of shapes creates the perception of depth
  • The circular object is seen as closer to the viewer than the rectangular background
• What is the shape of the background object?

  Rectangle
• What is retinal projection?

  • The image formed on the retina by the eye lens.
  • Its size depends on both the actual size of the object and its distance from the eye.
• Why do we associate retinal size with distance?

  Because of learned visual experiences
• What are the people in the image doing?

  Walking on a path
• What is the shape of the object in the foreground?

  Circle
• What is the vanishing point in linear perspective?

  The point where parallel lines appear to converge
• What type of environment does the image appear to depict?

  An indoor or enclosed space
• What happens to the image size of distant objects on the retina?


  Distant objects project smaller images
• In what way does linear perspective create a sense of space?

  It mimics the appearance of railway tracks
• How does occlusion create a perception of depth?


  It suggests that the covering object is closer.
• What is the purpose of occlusion in the image?

  Occlusion is used as a cue to depth in the image, making the circular object appear to be in front of the rectangular background.
• What is linear perspective in art?

  A depth cue where parallel lines converge
• How does relative size create depth perception?

  Smaller retinal images appear farther away
• How many people are shown in the image?

  3
• How does linear perspective enhance depth perception?

  By making lines closer together with distance
• What is the concept of height in plane related to depth perception?

  It uses eye-level perspective to judge depth
• What does the image in the study material illustrate about height in plane?

  Figures get higher, indicating increasing distance