Regeneration

Subdecks (11)

Cards (100)

  • Economic sectors:
    • Primary (raw materials + farming)
    • Secondary (manufacturing + processing)
    • Tertiary (service sector + banking)
    • Quaternary (high tech R&D)
    • Quinary (Cosultancy and CEOs)
  • Differences in economic activity:
    • Global shift’s consequences - Hartlepool (formed shipbuilding and steel town) had 30% unemployment in 2014
    • Differences in cost of living - London is very expensive to live in, so jobs there need to pay well
    • Primary and secondary industry in the SW and North whilst tertiary+ in London and economic periphery
  • Reasons for changes in a place:
    • National projects (HS2)
    • globalisation (deindustralisation, migration)
    • climate change concerns
  • Index of multiple deprivation (IMD)
    • Measure extent of deprivation in small areas in England
    • Looks at income, employment, education, health, crime, living environments and barriers to housing
  • 50% of men work full time, whilst 45% of women work full time
  • Life expectancy (Men:women)
    • Glasgow city (72.6:78.5)
    • East Dorset (82.9:86.5)
  • Median earnings (2011)
    • Kilburn and Hampstead (£35,000)
    • Blackpool (£15,500)
  • % of students gaining A/A* grades (2013)
    • London = 25%
    • North east = 17.6%
    University rate (2013)
    • London = 40%
    • North East = 24.3%
  • London:
    • Accounts for 20% of UK income
    • 10% of UK gdp comes from finance sector
    • 29% more productive than the average Brit
    • Operates around the knowledge economy
  • Sink estates (priorities Of regeneration)
    • housing estates with high levels of socioeconomic deprivation + crime. Also high IMD
    • Canbourne, where 1/3 of families claim benefits
  • Commuter villagers (priorities for regeneration)
    • where people live but commute away to work
    • High house prices
    • little demand for local shops, restaurants
    • regeneration focuses on affordable homes + boosting services
    • Places around London
  • Declining rural settlements (priorities for regeneration)
    • long term job losses in primary sector due to mechanisation and higher foreign competition
    • Suffers from brain drain
    • 700 pubs and 400 village shops have shut in Britain since 2010
    • Cornwall
  • Gated communities (priorities for regeneration)
    • separates communities and creates divides
    • two tier society
    • Mayfair
  • importance of having local people onboard for regeneration:
    • builds community engagement
    • avoids conflict and protest
    • meets their needs - more likely to be a long term success
    • we live in a democracy
  • Engagement = how people interact and participate with a place
  • Conflicts with regeneration:
    • NIMBY
    • solar farms south Devon - 100 acre solar farm - Campaign to protect rural England + residents - farmland not used
  • Conflicts with regeneration:
    • Studentification - cities like exteter, Nottingham and Leeds - anti social behaviour, high density and no community - residents, landlords , university and students
  • Conflicts with regeneration:
    • social housing / mixed development - 2,000 new homes where 800 were social and new school - campaign to protect rural England, farmer, local rich v poor
    • ^ Barton‘s farm, Winchester
  • Conflicts with regeneration:
    • North London borough of Haringey had be in economic decline - needed regeneration
    • £28m invested and created 5000 jobs
    • london riots - urban deprivation, high unemployment, unusually hot summer, stop and search, poor relationship between the black people and police
  • houses which can only be bought by locals
    • house prices don’t really increase
    • houses available more cheap to locals
  • Rebranding = where long term negative perceptions of something is rebranded in an attempt to alter Them
    • can aid in reducing spiral of decline and deprivation
  • Market led regeneration = allowing the private sector to invest. Allowed freedom from national, local and city governments
  • State and community led regeneration = government plays a lead roll to ensure social equality
  • Gentrification = where wealthy people force poorer people out due to higher living costs
  • Challenges of countryside:
    • boring
    • slow/backward
    • lack of diversity and culture
    • brain drain
    • lack of transport infrastructure
    • lack of affordable housing