contemporary study.

• what psychologists and when was it made?

  stevyers + hemmer - 2012.
• S + H - aim.

  to investigate episodic and semantic memory in real life natural setting.
• S + H - overall procedure.

  phase 1 which tested prior knowledge. phase 2 tested effects of prior knowledge mainly on episodic memory.
• S + H - procedure : phase 1.

  independent groups - involved participants either having a verbal cue condition (saying what they would expect to see) or visual cue condition (describing the room). these items then had to be listed.
• S + H - procedure : phase 2.

  used photos from the visual condition from phase 1 that had highest responses. two groups of participants (independent groups) then were shown the images for 2 seconds or 10 seconds.
• S + H - findings : phase 1.

  the first item guessed in phase 1 led to 85% accuracy in phase 2, but after all 16 items it went to 55% accuracy.
• S + H - findings : phase 2.

  error rate was 9% for expected items, 18% for low probability items. recall was better by those in 10 second condition than 2 second condition.
• S + H - conclusion.

  people can draw on prior knowledge and stimuli in real life better in a natural setting than laboratory environment.
• S + H - evaluation using G.

  yes due to sample being of 96 but they were students - may be things like cultural or genetic impacts that allow for better recall from some. what someone from Japan or Korea to see in a bedroom might be different to someone from France or UK.
• S + H - evaluate for R.

  very replicable and highly controlled. independent groups and different conditions.
• S + H - evaluate for A.

  application to using prior knowledge for eye witness testimony. may improve trustworthiness for testimonies using prior knowledge but schemas?
• S + H - evaluate for V.

  attempts to have ecological validity but is still a study testing something and not observing. could be argued that real scenes could have been used that photos.
• S + H - evaluate for E.

  no ethical issues.