indian constitution

    Cards (70)

    • Zila Panchayat
      The third tier of the Panchayati Raj system, an elected body at the district level
    • Zila Panchayat
      • Block Pramukh of Block Panchayat are also represented
      • Members of the State Legislature and the members of the Parliament of India are members
    • Panchayat Raj Institutions

      Also known as Governments, the 73rd Amendment is about
    • Levels of Panchayat
      • Panchayat at District (or apex) Level
      • Panchayat at Intermediate Level
      • Panchayat at Base Level
    • Zila Panchayat
      One of the important units of Panchayat raj system at the district level
    • Zila Panchayat composition
      • One member for every 40000 people, or 30000 in Malnad/hilly areas
      • Members of "Lok Sabha" and "Rajya Sabha" who represent the district
      • Member of legislature
      • Gram Panchayat presidents
    • Election & Term of Zila Parishad
      1. Chairperson elected among its own members
      2. Term 5 years
      3. Election held within 6 months if dissolved
    • Zila Parishad composition
      • Pradhans/Chairmen of the Panchayat Samiti within the district
      • BDOs, MPs, MLAs of that district
      • One representative from each of the cooperative societies of the district
    • Every Zila Parishad consists of certain members
    • Members of Zila Parishad
      • Pradhans of Panchayat Samities in the District
      • Members of the Rajya Sabha residing in the District
      • Members of the Lok Sabha elected from a Constituency which forms part of the District
      • Members of the Legislative Assembly elected from the District
      • Co-opted women, SC, ST representatives
    • District Development Officer (Collector)

      Member of Zila Parishad, can speak but not vote
    • Associate members
      Can speak but not vote
    • Electing the Pramukh of Zila Parishad

      Electoral college consists of Pradhans of Panchayat Samities, members of Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha, Legislative Assembly
    • Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
      IAS or state civil service officer, heads administrative machinery of Zila Parishad, supervises divisions and executes development schemes
    • Functions of Zila Parishad
      • Provide essential services and facilities to rural population
      • Plan and execute development programmes for the district
      • Supply improved seeds, inform of new farming techniques
      • Construct small-scale irrigation projects and percolation tanks
      • Maintain pastures and grazing lands
      • Set up and run schools, execute adult literacy programmes, run libraries
      • Start Primary Health Centers and hospitals, run vaccination and family welfare campaigns
      • Construct bridges and roads
      • Execute plans for development of scheduled castes and tribes, run ashrams and hostels
      • Encourage entrepreneurs to start small-scale industries, implement rural employment schemes
    • Powers and functions of Zila Parishad
      Make regional provision within the district with respect to subjects in the 'district list', execute or maintain works of developmental schemes
    • Sources of income for Zila Parishad
      • Taxes on water, pilgrimage, markets
      • Fixed grant from State Government
      • Share from local taxes
    • Seats are reserved for SC/ST, 1/3rd for women (some states 50%)
    • Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
      Heads the administrative machinery of Zila Panchayat, not below rank of Deputy Commissioner
    • Functions of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
      • Exercise powers conferred by law
      • Control officers and officials of Zila Panchayat
      • Supervise and control execution of works and schemes
      • Take measures for speedy execution of works and schemes
      • Have custody of papers and documents
      • Draw and disburse monies from Zila Panchayat Fund
      • Exercise other prescribed powers and functions
    • Powers of Panchayats in India

      • Planning and Implementation
      • Funds Allocation
      • Social Justice
      • Natural Resource Management
      • Local Infrastructure
      • Disaster Management
    • Responsibilities of Panchayats in India
      • Local Governance
      • Social Welfare
      • Economic Development
      • Environmental Conservation
      • Cultural Preservation
      • Conflict Resolution
    • Panchayats play a crucial role in grassroots governance, ensuring that development reaches the most local levels and that the needs of the community are addressed effectively
    • Preamble
      An introductory statement to the Constitution of India that outlines the ideals and objectives of the Constitution
    • Preamble
      • Reflects the philosophy and values on which the Indian Constitution is based
      • Serves as a guide to the interpretation of the Constitution
      • Expresses the aspirations of the people and sets the tone for the entire Constitution
    • Key points in the Preamble
      • Sovereign
      • Socialist
      • Secular
      • Democratic
      • Republic
      • Justice
      • Liberty
      • Equality
      • Fraternity
    • Rational (in classical economic theory)
      Economic agents are able to consider the outcome of their choices and recognise the net benefits of each one
    • Rational agents
      • Consumers
      • Producers
      • Workers
      • Governments
    • Consumers act rationally by

      Maximising their utility
    • Producers act rationally by

      Selling goods/services in a way that maximises their profits
    • Workers act rationally by

      Balancing welfare at work with consideration of both pay and benefits
    • Governments act rationally by

      Placing the interests of the people they serve first in order to maximise their welfare
    • Rationality in classical economic theory is a flawed assumption as people usually don't act rationally
    • A firm increases advertising
      Demand curve shifts right
    • Demand curve shifting right
      Increases the equilibrium price and quantity
    • Marginal utility

      The additional utility (satisfaction) gained from the consumption of an additional product
    • If you add up marginal utility for each unit you get total utility
    • Roles and Functions of Chief Minister (CM)

      • Head of the State Government
      • Executive Powers
      • Leader of the Cabinet
      • Policy Formulation
      • Legislative Functions
      • Administration
      • Financial Management
      • Crisis Management
      • Inter-State Relations
      • Development Initiatives
      • Public Interface
      • Political Leadership
      • Legal Functions
    • Challenges faced by Municipal Corporations in managing and governing urban areas
      • Population Growth
      • Infrastructure Development
      • Urban Poverty and Slums
      • Traffic Congestion and Transportation
      • Environmental Degradation
      • Governance and Corruption
      • Financial Constraints
      • Land Use and Urban Planning
      • Social Inequality and Exclusion
      • Natural Disasters and Climate Change
    • Power and Function of Lok Sabha
      • Legislative Authority
      • Financial Control
      • Executive Oversight
      • Representation
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