[ 3 ] Microbial Disease of Cardiovascular & Lymphatic System

• Sepsis - is an inflammatory response caused by the spread of bacteria or their toxin from a focus of infection.
• Sepsis - can also be a result of other infections, including viral infections, such as COVID-19 or influenza, or fungal infections.
• Sepsis - Chills, Confusion or delirium, Fever or low body temperature (hypothermia), Lightheadedness due to low blood pressure, Rapid heartbeat, Skin rash or mottled skin, Warm skin
• Rheumatic fever - an autoimmune complication of streptococcal

  infections, manifests as arthritis or heart inflammation, potentially leading to permanent heart damage.
• Rheumatic fever may lead to Sydenham’s chorea in up to 10% of cases,

  characterized by purposeless, involuntary movements primarily in girls,

  which typically resolves after a few months.
• Rheumatic fever can happen after a throat infection from group A

  streptococcus bacteria, also called strep bacteria. It may develop if strep throat or scarlet fever infections are not treated properly or after strep skin infections (impetigo)
• Bacillus anthracis - causes anthrax, with endospores surviving in soil for

  up to 60 years.
• Cutaneous anthrax - is the most common anthrax, resulting from contact with anthrax endospores,
• Gangrene - is soft tissue death due to ischemia, often caused by interrupted blood supply. Anaerobic bacteria like Clostridium perfringens thrive in gangrenous tissue, leading to gas gangrene.
• Epstein-Barr virus (EB virus, HHV-4) causes Burkitt’s lymphoma. Burkitt’s lymphoma tends to occur in patients whose immune system has been weakened; for example, by malaria or AIDS.
• Most people with Burkitt lymphoma have a chromosomal translocation in their lymphocytes.
• Lassa fever viruses are found in rodents. Rodents are the reservoirs for Argentine and Bolivian hemorrhagic fevers.
• Chagas' disease - "American Trypanosomiasis" caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is transmitted by the kissing bug, with wild animals serving as reservoirs.
• Toxoplasmosis - caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated food or water, or contact with cat feces.
• Malaria - transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, manifests with symptoms including chills, fever, vomiting, and headache, occurring at intervals of 2 to 3 days.