humanities in Western Civilization

• Humanities


  Disciplines that study the human condition, such as history, philosophy, literature, and the arts
• Western concept of humanities

  Filipino notion of humanities
• Arts


  • Visual arts (painting, sculpture, architecture)
  • Performing arts (theater, dance)
  • Literature
• Humanities formed the basis of education for all citizens in ancient Greece
• Humanitas


  People in a state of culture and civilized society
• Barbaritas


  Savages in a state of nature for survival
• Divinitas


  God in a state of perfection in heaven
• Ancient period was cosmocentric, where man was the measure of all things
• Medieval period was theocentric, where man was created in the image and likeness of God
• Renaissance period was anthropocentric, where nothing is more wonderful than man
• Modern age is scientific and technocentric, where man is part of nature
• Postmodern age is eclectic, where man is a piece of everything
• Expressions of beliefs through arts

  • Michelangelo's Creation of Man
  • Copernicus' heliocentric theory
  • Rembrandt's Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp
  • Legazpi and Gadgets painting
  • Mideo Cruz's Politismo installation art
• Humanistic disciplines


  History, language, philosophy, art appreciation
• Art


  Skillful production or performance
• Types of art


  • Liberal arts (artists)
  • Servile arts (artisans and crafts)
  • Major arts (architecture, sculpture, fine arts)
  • Minor arts (stonecutting, carpentry, cooking)
• Michelangelo took credit for the Sistine Chapel, not the artisans who helped him