Crim unit 2

• Id


  Located in the unconscious, instinctive, 'animal' part of the mind. Contains powerful, selfish, pleasure-seeking needs and drives, such as the desire for sex, food and sleep. Governed by 'the pleasure principle' - the blind desire to satisfy its urges at any cost.
• If we acted on the id's urges whenever we felt them, they would often lead to anti-social and criminal behaviour.
• Superego


  Contains our conscience or moral rules, which we learn through interactions with our parents during early socialisation in the family. The child internalises its parents' ideas of right and wrong, and the superego develops as a sort of internal 'nagging parent'. If we act - or even just think of acting contrary to the superego, it punishes us with feelings of guilt and anxiety.
• The ego 

  Freud saw our behaviour as the result of the struggle between the id and the superego 
• Ego- ‘ io am pilled in the opposing directions, between my desires (id) and my conscience (superego)

  The ego role is to try to strike a balance between their conflicting demands
• Ego is driven by the reality principle.

  Leans from past experiences with the real world. To actions have consequences
• Lombroso

  ‘born’ criminals’

  Argued criminals were physically different. He recorded details of heads and faces of thousands of prisoners

  he concluded that criminals could be identified by their distinctive physical features.

  • large jaw
  • large eyes
  • acute eyesight
  • flatteNed nose
  • beak nose
• Sheldon’s somatotypes theory

  saw criminals as physical different

  to him certain body types were linked to criminal behaviour

  which was mesomorphs
• endomorphs

  • round, soft
  • tending to fat, lack muscle/ tone
  • wide hips
  • personality - sociable replaced, comfortable and outgoing
• ectomorphs

  • thin, fragile
  • lack fat and muscle
  • flat chested with narrow hips, shoulders
  • thin dace and high forehead
  • personality- self-conscious, fragile, inward looking, emotionally restrained and thoughtful
• mesomorphs

  • muscular, hard bodied
  • little fat, strong limbs
  • broad shoulders and narrow waist
  • personality - adventurous, sensation- seeking , assertive and domineering
• Eysenck’s personality theory:

  personality is made up of two dimensions

  • extroversion versus introversion
  • neuroticism versus emotional stability
• extraverted: personalities are outgoing, sociable, excitement- seeking, impulsive, carefree, optimistic, often aggressive, short-tempered and unreliable
• introverted: personalities are reserved, inward-looking, thoughtful, serious, quiet, self-controlled, pessimistic and reliable
• neurotic: personalities are anxious. moody, often depressed and prone to over-reacting

  however emotionally stable personalities are calm, even-tempered, controlled and unworried.
• Eysenck my personality questionnaire measures people's personality traits from a scale of E scale and N scale.

  found most people have personalities somewhere around the middle on both scales

  criminals score high on both E and N .