Refer to a specific, individual item or person such as a name. They are used to signify importance and individuality, and help clarify the identity of the item or person being referred to.
The key difference between proper nouns and common nouns is that proper nouns require capitalization, whereas it is not necessary for common nouns (unless they start a sentence).
Nouns that can be counted and have both singular and plural forms. They can be used with numbers and quantifiers such as "one," "two," "three," "a few," "many," etc.
Proper Nouns
Specific names for particular people, places, or things that always require capitalization
Common Nouns
General names for a category or class of things that do not require capitalization unless they start a sentence