rph finals

• Religious rites


  Established ceremony prescribed by a religion
• Religious rites


  • Consist of a ritual or several rituals that make an important milestone in participant's life
• Baptism


  Admission to the faith, where the priest sprinkles or pours water on the head while invoking the trinity
• Eucharist or the Holy Communion


  Cultural rite of Catholics where the priest consecrates bread and wine which are transubstantiated into the body and blood of Christ
• Confirmation


  Rite where the bishop or priest lays on hands in prayer and blessing, plus anointing the forehead with chrism or holy oil
• Reconciliation


  Also known as confession or penance, an opportunity for renewal and obtaining pardon from God for sins
• Anointing the Sick


  Administered to give strength and comfort to the ill and mystically unite with that of Christ during his passion and death
• Marriage


  Sacrament that a baptized man and woman administer to each other through their marriage vows and lifelong partnership
• Holy Order


  Rite available only to men being ordained as deacons, priests or bishops, enabling them to perform sacred duties and serve the church community
• Holy Week is a significant celebration in the predominantly Catholic Philippines
• Indigenous practices


  • Practices of the people living in the same community and share common culture
  • Practices that is distinct from the other group and pass on from generation to generation
  • Practices of the people deeply rooted from their culture which includes ways of doing something from womb to tomb
• Ancient Filipino


  • Living in one community with their houses made of wood, bamboo, roofed with nipa palm leaves
  • Some built their house in the top of the tree for better protection against their enemy (as Bagobo and Kalingas)
  • Some were living in the caves, like "Dawn Man" – cave man or the Tabon man in Palawan
• Bahag


  A strip of cloth worn by men which is wrapped around his waist and in between the legs
• Turban


  A piece of cloth wound around the head instead of hat
• Baro


  Wide-sleeved jacket worn by women
• Patadyong


  A piece of cloth, which they wrapped about their waists and let, fall to their feet
• Courtesy and politeness


  1. When two person of equal rank met on the road, they have to remove their turban as a sign of courtesy

  2. Removing of turban and put it on the left shoulder like a towel and bowed low with the word "po" which is equivalent to "sir" if he addressed to his superior
• Body ornaments


  • Filipinos tattooed their body of various design representing animals, birds, flowers, and geometric figures to enhance their body beauty and to show their war record
  • Both men and women inserted gold between their teeth as an ornament
• Endogamy


  To marry of the same rank, or same category or tribe
• Dowry


  Gold, land, slaves and anything else of value given by the groom to the family of the bride
• Marriage customs


  Groom had to work in the house of the girl for a certain period of time, carried water and firewood to the house, assist in plowing the field, planting and in the harvesting
• Burial and mourning


  1. Filipinos were taking care of burying their dead, thus it embalmed and buried amidst deep sorrow near his home, in a cave, or on a headland overlooking the sea

  2. Clothes, foods, weapons, wares and sometimes slaves buried with the dead
• Bathala


  The supreme God the creator of heaven and earth
• Anitos (Tagalog) diwatas (Visayan)


  Ancestral spirits
• Maganito


  To offer sacrifices to the anitos or diwatas
• Katalona or babaylan


  The priest or priestess who made the ritual of sacrifices to the anitos or diwatas
• Katalona or babaylan


  1. Communicates the spirits of their ancestors for guidance

  2. Communicates also the dwelling spirits for protection of their crops and during harvest time he will also offer thanksgiving to the spirits for good harvest
• Like people of Ifugao, they refrain from cutting century-old endemic trees such as dipterocarps because they believe that these trees harbour the spirits of their ancestors
• Before cutting old trees


  A shaman or baylan locally known as mumbaki conduct rituals to seek the permission of their ancestors
• Though indigenous practices or cultural practices of the people were handed down from generation to generations, but it goes to the process of change. Since culture of the people is dynamic, changes may happen and it is inevitable for it is said that the only constant in this world is "change". May some of those practices was lost and replace by a new one