aims & hypothesis

• Null hypothesis (H0)


  There is no difference between the conditions or no relationship between the variables
• Alternate hypothesis (H1)


  There is a difference between the conditions
• Non-directional hypothesis


  States that there is a difference but not which way the direction will go
• Directional hypothesis


  States that there is a difference and how the results will go
• We shouldn't use the word 'proven' in science as it means true totally true 100% absolutely no chance of being wrong. Science should be open to falsifiability.
• In psychology, we accept the alternate hypothesis when the probability that the results are a fluke is one in 20 or less (5% or less).
• Accepting an alternate hypothesis is not proving a theory, it's saying the evidence is not perfect but strong enough for us to accept it for now.