Momentum impulse

• Impulse

  The product of a force and the time the force acts, which is a measure of the change in momentum of an object
• Momentum

  The product of an object's mass and velocity, which is a measure of how difficult it is to stop a moving object
• What affects motion?

  1. Mass

  2. Velocity
• Momentum depends on two factors: mass and velocity
• Momentum is the product of mass and velocity: p = mv
• If a moving object's velocity doubles

  Its momentum becomes twice as much
• Between two cars of the same mass, the heavier car

  Has greater momentum
• Momentum is a vector quantity, possessing both magnitude and direction
• Momentum is conserved in a closed system
• What causes changes in momentum?

  1. Force acting on an object for a period of time

  2. Impulse experienced by the object
• Impulse

  The product of a force and the time the force acts, which equals the change in momentum of an object
• Impulse = Force x Time = Change in Momentum
• The greater the impulse, the greater the change in velocity
• Force is the rate of change of momentum
• If momentum changes, forces are created

  
• If momentum changes quickly, large forces are involved
• Impulse

  A way to measure a change in momentum when it is not possible to calculate force and time individually

  
• A change in momentum in a short time requires a large force, while a change in a long time requires a small force
• Devices to reduce changes in momentum during collisions

  • Seatbelts
  • Airbags
• Impulse is defined as the change in momentum over time, with units of kg m/s or N s.
• The momentum of an object is the product of its mass and velocity.
• Momentum 


  P=mv.