stem cells

    Cards (11)

    • differentiation
      process by which unspecialised cells acquire specialised structures or functions
    • totipotent
      able to produce any type of body cell
    • pluripotent
      can give rise to all of the cell types that make up the body eg embryonic stem cells
    • specialised
      specific roles in the organism of they are part
    • multicellular
      made up of different cell types
      human zygote= 3 cycles= 8 identical cells
    • stem cells are unspecialised however can turn into specialised by differentiation
    • by 5 days 

      blastocyst formed
      outer layer of placenta forms
      tissue of developing embryo forms
    • plant stem cells found in roots and shoots
    • hayflick limit
      number of times cell can divide
    • how do stem cells become specialised 

      under a chemical stimulus, genes are activated
      mRNA is transcribed from active genes
      mRNA is transcribed into proteins
      proteins modify the cell to determine the function
      changes to the cell by protein causes it to become specialised
    • specialisation happens through differential gene expression
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