EARTH SCIENCE

Subdecks (9)

Cards (119)

  • Ancient Astrology
    Bible
    Geocentric Universe (Earth + Center) - Ptolemy
    Heliocentric Universe (Sun + Center) - Aristarchus
    Nicolas Copernicus - Develop and Justify Heliocentric
  • Steady State Theory - No beginning, no ending
  • Big Bang Theory: The universe began as a singularity, which expanded and cooled down.
  • Georges Lemaitre
    Big Bang Theory
  • Herman Bondi, Thomas Gold, Fred Hoyle 

    Steady State Theory
  • The universe is everything, from the tiniest particles to the largest galaxies, to the very existence of space, time, and life
  • The origin of the universe is the origin of everything
  • Big Bang theory
    The most widely accepted explanation for the origin of the universe, stating that it began as a hot and infinitely dense point
  • This tiny singularity violently exploded
    About 13.7 billion years ago
  • Stages of the universe's evolution
    1. Radiation era
    2. Matter era
  • Radiation era
    • Dominance of radiation right after the Big Bang
    • Made of smaller stages called epochs
  • Epochs in the radiation era
    1. Planck epoch
    2. Grand unification epoch
    3. Inflationary epoch
    4. Electroweak epoch
    5. Quark epoch
    6. Hadron epoch
    7. Lepton epoch
    8. Nuclear epoch
  • Planck epoch
    No matter existed, only energy and the superforce
  • Grand unification epoch
    Three remaining unified forces of nature
  • Inflationary epoch
    The universe rapidly expanded from the size of an atom to the size of a grapefruit
  • Electroweak epoch
    The last two forces, electromagnetic and weak, split off
  • Quark epoch
    The universe's ingredients were present, but too hot and dense for subatomic particles to form
  • Hadron epoch
    The universe cooled down enough for quarks to bind together and form protons and neutrons
  • Lepton and nuclear epochs

    Protons and neutrons fused to create the first chemical element, helium
  • Matter era

    Defined by the presence and predominance of matter in the universe
  • Epochs in the matter era
    1. Atomic epoch
    2. Galactic epoch
    3. Stellar epoch
  • Atomic epoch
    The universe's temperature cooled enough for electrons to attach to nuclei, creating hydrogen
  • Galactic epoch
    Clusters of atoms became the seedlings of galaxies
  • Stellar epoch
    Formation of stars caused the conversion of helium and hydrogen into almost all remaining elements in the universe
  • This ecosystem of everything was only possible because of the many stages in the universe's development
  • Countless questions about the origins of our universe remain
  • It's only a matter of time for some long-sought answers to emerge