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biology paper 2
genetic inheritance
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allele
an
alternative
version of a
gene
chromosome
a long molecule of
dna
found in the
nucleus.
each chromosomes carries many genes
gamete
a
sex
cell eg an
egg
cell or sperm cell in anima’s
dominant allele
the allele for the characteristic that’s shown by an organism if two
different
alleles are present for that
characteristic
recessive
allele
an allele whose
characteristics
only appears in an organism if there are
two
copies present
homozygous
two alleles present are the
same
heterozygous
if the alleles are
different
for that trait (Hh)
cystic fibrosis
caused by a recessive allele. it results in the body producing a lot of thick
sticky
mucus in the air passages and in the
pancreas
polydactyly
caused by a
dominant
allele. a baby is born with
extra
fingers or toes
embryo screening
during
IVF
many genetic disorders can be detected by analysing the cells
genes
people for embryo screening
helps people not suffer
treating
disorders
costs the goverment a lot of
money
against embryo screening
implies people with genetic disorders are
undesirable
- causes
prejudice
people may go to far with wanting
desired features
screening is
expensive
how many chromosomes does the body contain?
23 pairs
22
pairs control characteristics only, but one of the pairs carries the genes that determine
sex.
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