biology paper 2

• describe the process of ventilation in the lungs

  • contraction of intercostal muscles
  • diaphragm moves down
  • air moves from high > low
  • inhalation occurs
• describe a how a reflex action coordinates a response

  • receptor detects stimulus
  • receptors generates electrical impulse
  • neurones conduct impluse
  • synapses between neurones
  • chemical transmits synapse
  • effectors carry out response
  • muscles contract or glands secret chemicals
• describe the function of a receptor and a effector and give an example

  • receptors detect stimulus
  • effectors make a response
  • receptor > eye/retina
• what is a synapse?


  A synapse is a junction between two nerve cells where electrical or chemical signals are transmitted.
• Describe how information passes across a synapse.


  information passes as a chemical across a synapse
• two uses of peat bogs

  • compost
  • burning / as a fuel
• two ways to increase biodiversity

  • plant more trees
  • reduce pollution