2: Establishment of Pakistan

• Who asserted that Muslims and Hindus cannot be considered a single nation?

  Allama Iqbal
• Why is it inaccurate to compare India to the Western world?

  India is home to different nations with significant differences
• What reasons do Muslims have for seeking a separate homeland?

  It aligns with the fundamental principles of Islam
• What did Allama Iqbal demand regarding the future of Muslims in India?

  Establishment of a consolidated Muslim state
• What was the significance of Allama Iqbal's address for Indian Muslims?

  It provided a clear direction for their political struggle
• What was the first instance of a Muslim demanding a separate homeland?

  At the All India Muslim League platform
• When were the Round Table Conferences held?

  1930-1932
• Who wrote to the British Prime Minister to convene a conference of political parties in India?

  Quaid-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah
• What was the outcome of the first session of the Round Table Conference?

  The Congress boycotted the session
• What was introduced at the center during the first Round Table Conference?

  A federal system and responsible government in provinces
• Who represented the Muslim League in the first session of the Round Table Conference?

  Quaid-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah
• What was the main issue during the second session of the Round Table Conference?

  Gandhi's insistence on India as one nation
• What was the outcome of the third session of the Round Table Conference?

  It ended without achieving anything
• What did the Communal Award announce in August 1932?

  Separate electorates for various minorities
• How many seats were reserved for Muslims in the central Legislative Assembly according to the Communal Award?

  One-third (1/3) of the seats
• Why did the Muslim League reject the Communal Award?

  It reduced Muslim seats in Punjab and Bengal
• What did the Government of India Act (1935) aim to address?

  The future constitution of India
• What was a key feature of the 1935 Constitution regarding the legislature?

  It established a bicameral legislature
• How many provinces were there under the 1935 Act?

  11 provinces
• What was the role of the Federal Court established by the 1935 Act?

  It served as the highest court in India
• Why did the 1935 Act fail to satisfy different sections of Indian society?

  It did not meet their expectations
• What happened in the provincial assembly elections of 1937?

  The Congress formed ministries in 8 provinces
• What was the "Bande Matram" anthem associated with?

  It portrayed a negative image of Muslims
• What was the purpose of the Widya Mandir Scheme?

  To erase Muslim culture in education
• What did the Wardha Scheme emphasize?

  Hindu nationalism and respect for Hindu leaders
• How did the Congress ministries affect Muslims during their rule?

  Muslims faced attacks on their religion and properties
• What did Quaid-e-Azam appeal for on December 22, 1939?

  Peaceful observation of the Day of Deliverance
• What was the Lahore Resolution about?

  Demanding a separate homeland for Muslims
• Who presented the Lahore Resolution on March 23, 1940?

  Molvi Fazal-ul-Haq
• What did the Lahore Resolution emphasize regarding Muslim-majority areas?

  They should constitute independent states
• How did the Muslims react to the Lahore Resolution?

  They were happy as it showed their destination
• What was the Cripps Mission's objective in 1942?

  To assess the political situation in India
• What did the Cripps Mission propose for India after World War II?

  Formation of a Constituent Assembly
• What was the Quit India Movement initiated by Congress in 1942?

  A movement to demand British withdrawal from India
• How did Quaid-e-Azam respond to the Quit India Movement?

  He called it anti-Muslim and proposed 'Divide and Quit India'
• When did the Gandhi-Jinnah Talks take place?

  From September 9 to September 27, 1944
• What was the main disagreement during the Gandhi-Jinnah Talks?

  Whether Muslims were a separate nation
• What was the outcome of the Simla Conference in 1945?

  A deadlock due to representation issues
• Who led the Muslim League delegation at the Simla Conference?

  Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah
• What demand did Quaid-e-Azam make regarding the executive council during the Simla Conference?

  All members must be from the Muslim League