Gender bias

• What is universality?

  The idea we can apply all findings to both genders
• Why is it important there is rigorous testing across both genders?

  There are gender differences leading to gender bias
• What is the effect of gender bias?

  Findings cannot be generalised
• Who suggested Alpha and Beta bias as two general types of gender bias?

  Mustin and Maracek
• What two general types of gender bias did Mustin and Maracek suggest?

  Alpha & Beta
• What is Alpha bias?

  Exaggerating the differences between men and women
• Alpha bias: Exaggerating the differences between men and women
• What is Beta bias?

  Minimising the differences between men and women
• Beta bias: Minimising the differences between men and women
• What is Alpha bias an attempt to?

  Exaggerate or overestimate the differences between genders
• What are the differences in Alpha bias typically presented as?

  Real and enduring differences between sexes
• What are the differences in Alpha bias more likely to do for women?

  Devalue them
• Can the differences in Alpha bias heighten the value of women?

  Ocassionally
• What theory did Wilson come up with showing Alpha bias?

  Sociobiological theory of relationship formation
• What is Wilson's Sociobiological theory of relationship formation?

  Male's sexual promiscuity is genetically determined whereas females who engage in the same are going against their nature
• What is the possible implication of Alpha bias?

  Evolutionary approach suggests men are dominant and women are more parental - outdated as society has changed and evolutionary approach shouldn't justify gender differences
• What is beta bias an attempt to?

  Minimise or underestimate differences between men and women
• Who performed a study demonstrating beta bias?

  Milgram
• What response is an example of beta bias?

  Fight or flight
• Why is fight or flight an example of beta bias?

  Originally based exclusively on males, then females
• What is the result of beta bias?

  We end up with an androcentric bias