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Bautista, Danielle
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Cards (41)
What is
Operations Research
(OR)?
Operations Research is a
multidisciplinary
field that employs
mathematical
methods and
analytical
techniques to address complex decision-making.
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What is the primary focus of
Operations Research
?
It focuses on
optimizing
resource allocation and improving decision-making processes.
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Why is
Operations Research
often referred to as "the science of better"?
Because it focuses on
optimizing
processes,
maximizing
efficiency, and
minimizing
costs.
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When did
Operations Research
emerge?
Operations Research emerged during
World War II
.
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What was the initial application of
Operations Research
during
World War II
?
It was used to optimize
military logistics
,
radar detection
, and resource allocation.
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What are the key components and concepts associated with
Operations Research
?
Decision making
Mathematical Modeling
Optimization
Constraint Management
Multi-disciplinary Approach
Applications
Simulation
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Dynamic Programming
10.
Game Theory
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What is the role of
decision making
in
Operations Research
?
It is concerned with making
informed decisions
to improve the performance of systems and processes.
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How does
Operations Research
utilize
mathematical modeling
?
It relies on mathematical models to represent real-world systems, which can be
linear
or
nonlinear
.
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What is
optimization
in the context of
Operations Research
?
Optimization involves finding the best solution from a set of possible solutions.
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What does
constraint management
involve in
Operations Research
?
It involves finding solutions that satisfy limitations on resources while achieving
desired objectives
.
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What disciplines does
Operations Research
draw upon?
It draws on concepts from
mathematics
,
statistics
,
economics
,
engineering
, and
computer science
.
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What are some applications of
Operations Research
?
Supply Chain Management
Finance
Healthcare
Transportation
Manufacturing
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How does
Operations Research
apply to
supply chain management
?
It is used to optimize
logistics
,
inventory management
, and
distribution networks
.
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In what way does
Operations Research
assist in finance?
It is employed in
portfolio optimization
, risk management, and
investment strategies
.
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How does
Operations Research
contribute to healthcare?
It helps in
resource allocation
,
scheduling surgeries
, and
optimizing healthcare systems
.
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What role does
Operations Research
play in transportation?
It is used for
route planning
, scheduling, and capacity utilization in transportation systems.
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How does
Operations Research
aid in manufacturing?
It assists in
production planning
,
scheduling
, and
quality control
.
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What is the purpose of
simulation
in
Operations Research
?
It models and analyzes complex systems when exact
mathematical
solutions are impractical.
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What are
Decision Support Systems
(DSS) in
Operations Research
?
DSS are computer-based tools that help managers solve complex problems.
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What is
dynamic programming
in
Operations Research
?
It is a technique used to solve problems by breaking them down into smaller subproblems.
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How does
game theory
relate to
Operations Research
?
Game theory deals with situations where the outcome depends on the choices of others.
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What are the steps in the typical
Operations Research
process?
Problem Definition
Model Formulation
Model Solution
Model Validation
Implementation
Feedback and Improvement
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Why is
Operations Research
important?
It provides a powerful approach to
decision-making
compared to ordinary software and data analytics tools.
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What is
Linear Programming
(
LP
)?
Linear Programming is a mathematical technique used for optimizing a linear
objective function
subject to linear
constraints
.
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What are the key components of a
Linear Programming
problem?
Decision Variables
,
Objective Function
, and
Constraints
.
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What are
decision variables
in
Linear Programming
?
They represent the decisions to be made, such as the number of
units
to produce.
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What is the
objective function
in
Linear Programming
?
It is a linear function representing the goal of the
optimization problem
, which can be maximized or minimized.
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How is the
objective function
expressed in
Linear Programming
?
The objective function is expressed as
z
=
z =
z
=
c
1
∗
c_{1}*
c
1
∗
x
1
+
x_{1} +
x
1
+
c
2
∗
c_{2}*
c
2
∗
x
2
+
x_{2} +
x
2
+
.
.
.
+
... +
...
+
c
n
∗
c_{n}*
c
n
∗
x
n
x_{n}
x
n
.
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What are
constraints
in
Linear Programming
?
They are linear
inequalities
or
equations
that define the limitations of the problem.
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How are
constraints
expressed in
Linear Programming
?
Constraints are expressed as
a
i
j
∗
a_{ij}*
a
ij
∗
x
j
≤
b
i
x_{j} \leq b_{i}
x
j
≤
b
i
or
a
i
j
∗
a_{ij}*
a
ij
∗
x
j
≥
b
i
x_{j} \geq b_{i}
x
j
≥
b
i
.
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What is the first step in formulating a
Linear Programming
problem?
Define the
Decision Variables
.
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What is the second step in formulating a
Linear Programming
problem?
Construct the
Objective Function
.
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What is the third step in formulating a
Linear Programming
problem?
Establish the
Constraints
.
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What is the fourth step in formulating a
Linear Programming
problem?
Ensure that all
decision variables
are
greater than or equal to zero
.
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What are the methods for solving
Linear Programming
problems?
Graphical Method
Simplex Method
Dual Simplex Method
Interior Point Methods
Software Tools
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What is the graphical method in
Linear Programming
?
It is suitable for LP problems with
two
decision variables
, where the feasible region is plotted on a graph.
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What is the
Simplex Method
?
It is an iterative
algorithm
used to solve
LP
problems with more than two decision variables.
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What is the
Dual Simplex Method
?
It is a variant of the Simplex Method used when the initial solution is not
feasible
.
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What are
Interior Point Methods
?
They are alternatives to the
Simplex Method
, suitable for solving large-scale
LP
problems.
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What software tools can be used for solving
Linear Programming
problems?
Excel Solver
,
LINDO
, MATLAB, and Python libraries like
SciPy
and
PuLP
.
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See all 41 cards
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