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13.3 Nitrogen Cycle
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Created by
Hattie Chew
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Cards (29)
Which two types of bacteria are involved in nitrogen fixation?
Free
living
&
mutualistic
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What's another name for decomposers?
Saprobio
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How do nitrate ions enter plant roots?
Via active
transport
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Why is good drainage important in some soils?
To maintain
aerobic
conditions
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Where are nitrate ions converted back to atmospheric nitrogen?
During
denitrification
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What are the two steps involved in nitrification?
Oxidation
of
ammonium
ions to
nitrate
ions
Oxidation
of
nitrate
ions to
nitrite
ions
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What conditions are required for nitrification?
Aerobic
soil with plenty of
oxygen
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What conditions are required for denitrification?
Anaerobic
,
waterlogged
soil
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Which process occurs naturally when lightning passes through the atmosphere?
Nitrogen fixation
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What do peas and beans contain lots of?
Root
nodules
for nitrogen-fixing bacteria
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What do saprotrophs feed on?
Nitrogen-containing
compounds
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What do saprotrophs release when they feed on dead organisms?
Ammonia
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What do ammonia and saprotrophs form in the soil?
Ammonium
ions
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What type of microorganisms are involved in nitrification?
Nitrifying
bacteria
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What is the process of nitrification?
Conversion of
ammonium ions
to
nitrate ions
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What do nitrifying bacteria require to complete their oxidation reaction?
Oxygen
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What is nitrogen fixation?
Conversion of
nitrogen
gas
into compounds
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What do free-living N₂-fixing bacteria convert nitrogen gas into?
Ammonia
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What do free-living N₂-fixing bacteria use ammonia to make?
Amino
acids
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What happens to nitrogen-rich compounds when nitrogen-fixing bacteria die?
They are released into the
soil
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How do nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules benefit plants?
They provide
amino
acids
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What do nitrogen-fixing bacteria obtain from plants?
Carbohydrates
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What occurs in waterlogged soils with low oxygen concentration?
More
anaerobic
denitrifying
bacteria
are found
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What do anaerobic denitrifying bacteria convert soil nitrates into?
Gaseous
nitrogen
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Why do plants need nitrogen-containing compounds?
For
photosynthesis
and
protein
synthesis
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What is necessary for productive soils?
Well
aerated
conditions
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What is the chemical formula for nitrate ions?
NO₃⁻
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What is the chemical formula for nitrogen gas?
N₂
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4 main processes of the nitrogen cycle:
Ammonification
Nitrification
Nitrogen
fixation
Denitrification