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Psychology
Forensics
Cognitive Explanations of Offending
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Cards (12)
What are the two cognitive explanations of offending behaviour?
Cognitive distortions
Kohlberg’s
theory of moral reasoning
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What are cognitive distortions?
Faulty,
biased
, and irrational ways of thinking
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How do cognitive distortions affect a person's perception of events?
They
perceive
events
inaccurately
and
negatively
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How might cognitive distortions link to offender behaviour?
They allow
denial
or rationalisation of actions
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What is hostile attribution bias?
Tendency to misinterpret actions as
aggressive
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How can hostile attribution bias trigger violent responses?
By misreading
non-aggressive
cues as
threats
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What is minimalisation in the context of offending behaviour?
Downplaying
the
seriousness
of
one's
offence
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How might a burglar use minimalisation to justify their crime?
By claiming it won't affect the
victims'
lives
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How do cognitive distortions manifest in offenders' justifications?
Denial of responsibility
Blaming victims
Trivializing actions
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What is the Heinz dilemma related to in moral development?
Kohlberg's
theory of moral reasoning
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What is the main focus of the Heinz dilemma discussion?
Why a
decision
is made, not the decision itself
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What should be considered when discussing the police's actions in the Heinz dilemma?
If they should arrest the chemist for
murder
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