g&s

• Violent extremism is a form of extremism that condones and enacts violence with ideological or deliberate intent, such as religious or political violence.
• Violent extremist views can manifest in connection with a range of issues, including politics, religion and gender relations.
• Domestic extremism refers to the activity of individuals or groups conducting criminal acts of direct action to further their protest campaign.
• Violent extremism refers to the activity of individuals or groups conducting acts by any means to express views which justify or glorify violence.
• This includes those that encourage others to commit terrorist acts or provoke others into extreme related activity.
• It also includes those whom foster hatred which may lead to inter-community tensions and violence.
• Radicalization is the process where a vulnerable young person or adult changes their perception and beliefs due to exposure of an extremist influence (which may be online, publication or one to one direct contact) to become more extremist in nature which may result in extremist actions.
• Gender role or sex role are “sets of culturally defined behaviors such as masculinity and femininity” (Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender, 2019).
• Gender equality is the state where women and men have equal rights, responsibilities, and opportunities regardless of their gender.
• Gender equality does not mean that women and men have to become the same but that their rights, responsibilities, and opportunities will not depend on whether they are born male or female.
• These roles are not fixed such that the “culturally defined behaviors” for men and women may be very different 50 years ago or very different for people from other countries or tribe.
• In a binary system of gender roles, we only see the male and the female where men are expected to be masculine while women are expected to be feminine.
• Gender roles in society means how we’re expected to act, speak, dress, groom, and conduct ourselves based upon our assigned sex.
• Girls and women are generally expected to dress in typically feminine ways and be polite, accommodating, and nurturing.
• Men are generally expected to be strong, aggressive, and bold.
• Every society, ethnic group, and culture has gender role expectations, but they can be very different from group to group.
• They can also change in the same society over time.
• For example, pink used to be considered a masculine color in the U.S while blue was considered feminine.
• Boys should not cry is a statement that reflects the societal expectation that boys should not express emotions, particularly sadness.
• Girls are bad drivers while boys are superb drivers is a statement that reflects the societal expectation that girls are not as good as boys at driving.
• Boys should not be allowed to play dolls is a statement that reflects the societal expectation that boys should not play with dolls.
• Women should be prim and proper is a statement that reflects the societal expectation that women should be well-groomed and polite.
• It is ok for men to be rowdy, they are men anyway.
• Gender roles are socially constructed and are not something that we are “born with”.
• Society, through a lifelong process of normalization, encourages or reprimands behaviors to make a child adapt to these social expectations.
• A gender stereotype is a generalized view or preconception about attributes or characteristics, or the roles that are or ought to be possessed by, or performed by women and men.
• Femininity is a gentle tender quality found in a woman’s appearance, manner and nature.
• A feminine woman gives the impression of softness and delicateness.
• She has a spirit of sweet submission, and a dependency upon men for their care and protection.
• Men who approximate this form of masculinity are viewed as a form of “new man”.
• Nothing about her appears masculine, no male aggressiveness, competence, efficiency, fearlessness, strength, or the ability to kill her own snakes.
• Feminist philosophers such as Judith Butler and Simone de Beauvior challenge the idea that femininity and masculinity are shaped in the course of repetitive presentation of gender; these presentation make a replica and describe the traditional grouping of sex and gender.
• The concept of gender equity refers to “fairness of treatment for women and men, according to their respective needs.
• In masculine societies, aggressions by children are tolerable, people live in other to work, and there is a lesser portion of women in professional jobs and political positions.
• The key differences between masculine and feminine societies are that masculinity challenges, earnings, recognition and career advancement are important to the masculine figure.
• Gender equality means that the different behavior, aspirations, and needs of women and men are considered, valued, and favored equally.
• There is a clear difference between masculinity and femininity irrespective of being biologically or socially.
• The emergence of caring masculinities in many parts of the world has been assessed in several reports since the early 2000s, all of them highlighting the virtuous impact of this reshape in male identities and practices for gender equality improvements in societies.
• Gender equity is distinct and different from the concept of gender equality, which is the effective equality between men and women that entails the concept that all human beings, both men and women, are free to develop their personal abilities and make choices without the limitations set by stereotypical views, rigid gender roles, and prejudices.
• The concept of caring masculinity proposes that men are able to adopt what is viewed as traditionally feminine characteristics (i.e. emotional expression, sensitivity, domestication, interdependence, caring, etc.) without departing from or rejecting masculinity.