Art App

• Aesthetics is from the Greek word eisthesis which means “perception”. It is a branch of philosophy devoted to the study of art and beauty used during the 18th century by Alexander Baumgarten, a German philosopher. This term also refers to the principles governing the nature and appreciation of beauty, especially in visual art (Rader, 1979).
• Craft comes from the German word Kraft which means “power” or “ability”. It is usually employed in branches of the decorative arts or associated artistic practice. It also implies the application of human skills through the use of a hand. It tends to produce things for various human purposes, and tend to exhibit their prettiness around a goal external to the object itself (Dutton, 1990).
• Arts and crafts started during the 19th century in Europe as a design reform and as a social movement initiated by William Morris. It involves activities related to making things which require a combination of skill, speed, and patience.
• William Morris who was born on March 24, 1834, in Walthamstow, England was known for his pattern designs, particularly on fabrics, and wallpapers. As a proponent of socialist ideals, Morris believed that a designer should have the skill of any media in producing designs that intricate intertwining fruit, flower, and foliage patterns. He died on October 3, 1896, at the age of 62 years old in London, England
• Arts and crafts have different types, namely: textile wood, metal, paper or canvass, and plant crafts.

   
• The word textile is from the Latin phrase texere which means “to braid” or “to construct”. Textile Crafts refer to any craft where you work with fabric, yarn or, surface design. It uses plant or any synthetic fibers in creating practical or decorative objects.
• Cross-stitch – can also be a form of natural pain relief. It is a popular form of counted-thread embroidery in which X-shaped stitches in a tiled, raster-like pattern are used to form a picture.
• Crochet:

  • Process of creating fabric from yarn, thread, or other material strands using a crochet hook
• Sewing:

  • Crafts of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with needle and thread
• Weaving:

  • Fabric production method where yarns are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth
• Tatting:

  • Technique for handcrafting, particularly in making durable lace constructed by a series of knots and loops
• Shoemaking:

  • Process of making footwear
• Lace:

  • Openwork fabric patterned with open holes, made by machine or by hand
• Macrame:

  • Form of textile-making that requires very few tools and basic knotting knowledge
• Millinery:

  • Designing and manufacture of hats
• String art:

  • Arrangement of colored thread strung between points to form an abstract geometric design
• Wood Crafts - These refer to a skill that pertains to the woods, especially in making one’s way through the woods or in hunting, trapping, etc. It also relates to subsistence lifestyles with implications of hunting-gathering (Horace, 1906).
• Carpentry:

  • Skilled trade involving cutting, shaping, and installing building materials during construction
• Marquetry:

  • Art and craft of applying thin slices of wood (veneer) to a structure to create decorative designs
• Woodturning:

  • Form of woodworking used to create wooden objects
• Wood carving:

  • Form of woodworking used to create wooden objects
• Cabinetry:

  • Skill in making box-shaped furniture with doors and drawers for storage
• Upholstery:

  • Work involving building cushions and covering furniture
• Metal Crafts - These refer to the art of executing artistic designs in metal for both practical and aesthetic purposes. These arts are designed for decorative items or functional objects that are beneficial and useful to us all. These works are of bronze, silver, gold, tin, copper, lead, brass, and iron.
• Jewelry – It is a form of personal adornments, such as brooches, rings, necklaces, earrings, and bracelets.
• Metal Casting – It is a process by which a liquid material (bronze, copper, glass, aluminum, and iron) is poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowed to solidity. 
• Welded Sculpture – It is an art form in which statue is made using welding techniques.
• Paper or Canvas Crafts - It refers to an extremely durable plain-woven fabric used for making backpacks, tents, marquees, and other sustainable items.
• Bookbinding:

  • Process of physically assembling a book from folded or unfolded sheets of paper or other material
• Card making:

  • Hand-made technique for producing greeting cards
• Collage:

  • Artwork made from an assemblage of different forms to create a new whole
• Origami:

  • Japanese cultural art of paper folding
• Paper-Mache:

  • Composite material consisting of paper pieces or pulp, sometimes reinforced with textiles, bound with an adhesive
• Scrapbooking:

  • Method of arranging, preserving, and presenting personal and family history in a book form
• Rubber Stamping:

  • Craft where ink made of dye or pigment is applied to an image or pattern carved, molded, laser engraved, or vulcanized onto a sheet of rubber
• Quilling:

  • Art form involving strips of paper that are rolled, shaped, and glued together to create decorative designs
• Plants Crafts – These refer to skills using plant parts as the medium.

  
  

  Corn dolly making – It relates to the making of shapes and figures (known as ‘dollies’) from straw (such as barley, oats, and wheat).

  
  

  Floral Design – It is the art of using plant materials and flowers to create a pleasing and balanced composition.

  
  

  Pressed flower craft – consists of drying flower petals and leaves in a flower press to flatten and exclude light and moisture.
• Art principles are created by combining art elements. Artists utilize organizing principles to develop forms that inform. Among the fundamental principle of art are harmony, variety, balance, movement, emphasis, proportion, rhythm, pattern, and repetition.
• Harmony creates a feeling of unity between all parts of the work of art, which gives a sense of completeness
• Variety is the use of several elements of design to hold the viewer's attention and guide their eye through and around the work of art