Natural philosophy is the studying of the natural world through observation and experiment. It is the term early modernpractitioners used to designate what we call today "science"
Revolution: Shapin
Revolution is the heavenly cycles of planets and stars, or the turning of a wheel. It didn't carry the meaning of sweeping dramatic change that we now associate it with. Rather, early modern people and natural philosophers understood themselves to be living in a “ new age ”. So, the Shapin reading critically examines why "Scientific Revolution" is not useful term to describe what was going on in natural philosophy during the 16th &17th centuries.
The Nova Reperta is an example of an early modern print that is composed of several “ vignettes ” that celebrate important European technologies, which people at the time understood to distinguish their period as an age of “new” things and ideas.
Franklin uses these two concepts, holistic (work related) & prescriptive (control related), to consider the social implications of how work is performed.