Demographics

• Crude birth rate: the annual number of live births per thousand of people
• Fertility: the number of offspring per couple, indvidual or population
• Fecundity: the potential reproductive capacity of a single female
• Crude death rate: the annual numer of deaths per thousand people
• Mortality rate: the annual number of deaths in the population
• General fertility rate: the annual number of live births per thousand women of child-bearing age
• Replacement level fertility: the number of children that a couple must have to replace the number of people dying in the population
• Migration rate: the immigration rate - emigration rate
• Racialization: imposition of a racial identity on a particular group
• Demographic transition model explains population changes as nations develop
• Population projections predict changes in populations by examining current data
• Dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents (less than 15 to more than 65_ to non-dependents
• Malthusian theory suggests that starvation is the inevitable result of population growth because food supply does not match the demand
• Demographic transition theory states that society moved from high birth and death rates to low birth and steady death rates due to improved technology&healthcare
• Relative deprivation theory states that one group is deprived relative to another, they believe they deserve better and there is no solution through existing methods, which results in protests
• Activity theory suggests aging adults remain active and maintain social interactions with others
• Disengagement theory suggests that older adults become more self-absorbed and disengage from society, but elders are often deemed to not be adjusted well to new society
• Continuity theory: older adults try to maintain same basic structures or levels of activity as when they were younger
• Life course perspective: considers the entire course of life in a multidisciplinary way
• Proactive movements aim to create social change, while reactive movements aim to resist or restore it
• Rational choice theory states that people rationally consider options, they debate & do not protest