Purposive Comm

• Communication has dramatically changed by new technologies. In the 20th century, people have seen the effects of the telephone, radio and television, film, high-speed printing, xerograph, electronic mail.
• The word communication has been derived from the Latin word ― communis, which means common. Communication, therefore, refers to the sharing of ideas, facts, opinions, information and understanding.
• Sender – It is the person who intends to make contact with the objective of passing the message to other persons.
• Message – This is the subject matter of the communication which is intended to be passed to the receiver from the sender.
• Encoding – The process of converting the message into communication symbols.
• Channel – Message encoded into symbols are transmitted by the sender through a channel.
• Decoding – The receiver translates the words and symbols used in the message into idea and interprets it to obtain its meaning.
• Feedback – It is the way of judging the effectiveness of the message.
• Verbal communication refers to the form of communication in which message is transmitted verbally.
• In oral communication, Spoken words are used.
• In written communication, written signs or symbols are used to communicate.
• Nonverbal communication is the sending or receiving of wordless messages. Such as gesture, body language, posture, tone of voice or facial expressions, is called nonverbal communication.
• Intrapersonal Communication is communication that occurs in your own mind. It is the basis of your feelings, biases, prejudices, and beliefs.
• Small Group communication is communication within formal or informal groups or teams. It is group interaction that results in decision making, problem solving and discussion within an organization.
• One-to-group communication involves a speaker who seeks to inform, persuade or motivate an audience.
• Mass communication is the electronic or print transmission of messages to the general public. Outlets called mass media include things like radio, television, film, and printed materials designed to reach large audiences.
• The information function serves to provide knowledge to the individuals need for guidance in their actions. It also fulfills worker‘s desires for awareness of things that affect them.
• The command and instructive functions serve to make the employee aware of his obligations to the formal organization and to provide him with additional guidance on how to perform his duties adequately.
• The influence and persuasion function (also known as motivational function) encourages the appropriate individual to perform or to exhibit a certain behaviour. Messages communicated are used to convince individuals that their actions can be personally or organizationally beneficial.
• The integrative function refers to the fact that the communication of messages / ideas, if properly handled, should help to relate the activities of the workers to their efforts complement rather than detract from each other.
• Kinesics is the interpretation of body language such as facial expressions and gestures — or, more formally, non-verbal behavior related to movement, either of any part of the body or the body as a whole. Body Language is technically known as kinesics.
• Proxemics is the technical term for the personal space aspect of body language. It is the study of measurable distance between people as they interact.
• Oculesics: It is the study of the role of eye contact in non verbal communication. Our eyes are a very significant aspect of the non verbal signals we send to others.
• Chronemics is the study of the use of time in nonverbal Communication. The way we perceive time, structure our time and react to time is a powerful communication tool, and helps set the stage for the communication process.
• Haptics refers to the study of touching.
• Paralinguistics: It is the study of variations in pitch, speed, volume, and pauses to convey meaning.
• Paralanguage refers to the non-verbal elements of communication used to modify meaning and convey emotion.
• Communication is the meaningful exchange of information through messages.
• Sender is responsible to make sure the message is perceived in the way he/she intended it.
• MESSAGE is either words or body language that transmits meaning.
• CHANNEL is the means used to pass the message
• RECEIVER is the ultimate destination of the sender’s message.
• FEEDBACK is the response that a sender receives from the receiver.
• FORMAL COMMUNICATION is through the chain of command within an organization to other members outside the organization.
• Downward communication is the most familiar form and occurs when a superior communicates with subordinates.
• INFORMAL COMMUNICATION is transmitted outside formally authorized channels without regard for the organization’s hierarchy of authority.
• ORAL COMMUNICATION is transmitted through speech, where listening is a vital component. -a message
• WRITTEN COMMUNICATION is transmitted through writing.
• Emoticons symbols constructed by using different keystrokes to produce facial expression like :-)
• VERBAL COMMUNICATION is the transmission of messages in the form of spoken words (oral).