1. INTRO & PEOPLE

• Histology


  Branch of anatomy that studies tissues using microscopy techniques to discern minute components of various organs in the body
• Robert Hooke discovered the cell after examining a piece of cork


  1665
• Robert Hooke's discovery


  • Saw tiny pores / compartments that looked similar to cells in a monastery
  • Coined the term "Cellula"
• Antoni van Leeuwenhoek first saw living microscopic organisms (in pond water) and described them as 'animalcules'


  1674
• Antoni van Leeuwenhoek observed blood of cod and salmon, and first described the nucleus


  1682
• Caspar Friedrich Wolff described embryonic development in both plants and animals as a process involving layers of cells


  1759
• Charles-François Brisseau de Mirbel's treatise on Plant Anatomy and Physiology led to his observation that each plant cell is contained in a continuous membrane


  1802
• Lorenz Oken suggested that all organic beings originate from and consist of vesicles or cells


  1805
• Jeanne-Baptiste Lamarck stated that no body can have life if its constituent parts are not cellular tissue or are not formed by cellular tissue


  1809
• Robert Brown verified the constancy of organelles after examining the cells of orchids, and introduced the term nucleus


  1831
• Marcello Malpighi described a series of microscopic structures never seen until then


  1831
• Tissue


  (in biological sense) defined by Marie François Xavier Bichat as the basic building block of the body, derived from the French word 'tissu' meaning 'to weave'
• Matthias Schleiden explained the true importance of cells, declaring that the cell is the basic building block of all plant matter


  1838
• Theodor Schwann stated that cells are organisms and all organisms consist of one or more cells, and that the cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms


  1839
• Cell Theory


  1. Cells are organisms and all organisms consist of one or more cells
  2. The cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms and that plants and animals consist of combinations of these structures
  3. All cells develop only from existing cells (added by Rudolf Virchow in 1855)
• Jan Evangelista Purkynje introduced the scientific terms: Plasma, Protoplasm


  1839
• Rudolf Albert von Kölliker published the first adequate textbook of histology by modern standards


  1852
• Cell


  A small mass of nucleated protoplasm (definition by Max Schultze in 1861)
• Histology


  Term coined by Karl Mayer in 1819 to describe 'Tissue Anatomy'
• Histology officially recognized as a medical discipline when Camillo Golgi and Santiago Ramon y Cajal were co-awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine for their fundamental histological studies on nerve cells


  1906
• Cytology


  The study of cells