The scientific study of the mind as an information processor, concerned with the way we take in information from the outside world, and how we make sense of that information
It emphasises the importance of explaining behaviour in terms of internal events, the meaning of concepts and processes, beliefs, attitudes, and intentions
It was seen as being similar to a computer, acquiring information at the stimulus-input point (the sensory organs), processing information (the sensory systems and structures within the brain) and producing a subsequent 'output' or behaviour (usually generated by the motor system)
Computers combine information presented to them with their stored information to provide solutions to a variety of problems, and most computers have a central processing unit with limited capacity
Although it is usually assumed that capacity limitations affect the human attentional system, the human brain has the capacity for extensive parallel processing, and computers often rely on their single processing system
Humans are influenced in their cognitions by several conflicting emotional and motivational factors, which essentially make their information processing system far superior to that of a computer