Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood

• FORMAL OPERATIONS STAGE

  • Called the HIGHEST LEVEL of cognitive development
  • Adolescent moves away from their reliance to concrete, real-world stimuli and develop the capacity for abstract thought
• Imaginary audience - The tendency of adolescents to falsely believe themselves to be the focus of others’ attention
• Personal Fable - The adolescent belief in one’s uniqueness and invulnerability; associated with risk and self-destructive behavior
• What indicates the stage of moral development according to Kohlber?

  • The REASONING underlying a person’s response to moral dilemma, not the response itself
• Ethic of Autonomy (Individualistic)- focuses on right of individual and abstract concepts of justice
• Prosocial moral reasoning is reasoning about moral dilemmas in which one person’s needs conflict with those of others in situations in which social rules or norms are unclear or nonexistent
• Occurs when stress at home has been shown to predict problems with school attendance and learning; conversely, problems with attendance and learning contribute to family stress
• stress at home has been shown to predict problems with school attendance and learning; conversely, problems with attendance and learning contribute to family stress

  Spillover
• Mature type of thinking that relies on subjective experience and intuition as well as logic and allows room for ambiguity, uncertainty, inconsistency, contradiction, imperfection, and compromise

  Postformal Thought
• In what stage of life is Postformal thought typically occur?

  during emerging adulthood
• Another characteristic of postformal thought wherein fruits of experience can helps an individual understand a situation more effectively

  Flexibility
• He defined reflective thinking as “active, persistent, and careful consideration” of information or beliefs


  John Dewey (1933)
• • Kind of thinking where individual continually question facts, draw inferences, and make connections
  • create complex intellectual systems that reconcile apparently conflicting ideas or considerations

  Reflective thinking
• the abilities to PERCEIVE, USE, UNDERSTAND, and MANAGE, or regulate, emotions—our own and those of others—so as to achieve goals.

  Emotional Intelligence