p.e

• intergumentary system - protects the body from external environment, provides insulation, and provides a barrier to pathogens
• the outermost layer of the skin provides water proof barrier and creates our skin tone
• dermis - the second layer of the skin or its beneath the epidermis
• the second layer of the skin supports the epidermis feeling different sensation and producing sweat and hair because it contain tough connective tissue, hair follicles and sweat glands
• hypodermis - the bottom layer of the skin
• hypodermis - stores energy, connecting the dermis layer of your skin to your muscles and bones. insulating your body and protecting your body from harm
• 1st degree burn - affects only the outer layer of the skin
• 1st degree - the harm side is red, painful, dry with no blisters
• 2nd degree - it involves the epidermis and the part of the dermis skin
• 2nd degree - it appears red, blister and maybe swollen and to much painful
• 3rd degree - destroyed the epidermis and dermis down in the subcutaneous tissue
• 3rd degree - it appears red, tan or black
• 4rth degree - exposed tissue may include bones and muscles as well as ligaments and tendons
• 1rst degree - the superficial burn
• 2nd degree - partial thickness burn
• 3rd degree - full thickness burn
• 4rth degree - full thickness + involvement of bone and muscles underneath
• tendons - connect muscle to bone
• ligaments - connect bone to bone
• sprain - injury to the ligaments cause by trauma such as a fall
• how to treat a sprain - rest, ice, compression, elevation
• strain - it is a tear of a muscle or tendon. common on contact sports athlete
• dislocation - separation of two bones where they meet a joint
• most common location for a dislocation are - shoulders, fingers, elbows, knees and hips
• common causes of a dislocation are

  1. trauma resulting from a fall
  2. car accident
  3. coalition during contact
  4. speed sports
  5. usually involve the body larger joints
• fracture - a break usually in a bone commonly happens during falls sports injuries and car accident
• types of bone fractures

  1. greenstick
  2. transverse
  3. comminuted
  4. spiral
  5. compund
• greenstick - one side of the bone is broken and the other is bent; these fractures occur mostly in children
• transverse - the bone is fractured straight across
• comminuted - the bone is splintered or crushed, creating numerous fragments
• spiral - the break partially encircles bone
• compound or open - the bone is exposed to air through a break in the skin, and soft tissue injury and infection are common