gender

• Becker


  Women labelled as weak and males labelled as delinquent so labelling theory means label attached impact of individuals behaviour and self, fulfilling prophecy and master status
• Miller


  working class, peer groups have focal concerns such as valuing, freedom, excitement, and thrill seeking
• Connell 


  features of femininity and traditional hegemonic masculinity
• Mac an ghail 


  Schools encouraged, mature lads to focus on the three F’s such as football, fighting and fucking
• Willis 


  working class boys learning to labour and accept, fit like fathers to work in factories so have no ambition and don’t try to achieve academic
• Mac an ghail


  crisis of masculinity, men experienced due to declining manual labour jobs
• Sharpe


  feminine identity, now focused more on education and career rather than marriage
• Butler


  asian women pursue higher education and careers but still value culture
• Archer


  muslim boys taught family is important and to be breadwinner
• Oakley


  Family socialise children into gender role socialisation such as canalisation, which is giving different toys to each gender
• Marsh & Millard


  when children asked about superheroes, they always pick out hegemonic gender activities, which are muscular attributes such as being strong, and these are portrayed in Disney movies where men are heroes
• Mulvey


  male gaze is formed as in films, the camera eyes up females and men are socialised to objectify women as objects and assess their attractiveness