Gen Chem 2: Solutions

• Solutions are homogeneous mixtures. They have have a uniform composition all throughout.
• Homogenous

  • Consisting of parts all of the same kind.
  • Uniform, evenly distributed
• Homogenous Mixture

  • Parts mix evenly
  • Parts never separate
• Heterogeneous Mixture

  • Parts do not mix evenly
  • Parts eventually separate
• Solute is the substance that is dissolving.
• Solvent is the substance dissolving the solute.
• Solutions may have more than one solute and only one solvent.
• Aqueous Solution are solutions with water as a solvent.
• If the solvent is solid, then the solution type is also solid. Same goes to liquid solutions if the solvent is liquid, and to gas solutions if the solvent is gas.
• Solubility

  • defined as the maximum amount of substance (solute) that will dissolve in a solvent at that temperature.
  • Usually measured by g/L.
  • Chemist usually classifying solution according to the capacity of solvent to dissolve a solute at a specific temperature; in other words, solution can be classified according to the ratio between solute and solvent at a given temperature.
• Unsaturated Solution

  • more solute dissolves
• Saturated Solutions

  • no more solute dissolves
• Supersaturated Solution

  • becomes unstable, crystal form.