cognitive

• Cognitive approach


  Studies internal mental processes e.g. memory and perception
• Cognitive approach


  • Studied indirectly by making inferences
• Schema

  Packages of ideas and information that act as a mental framework for interpretation of information
• Schemas


  • Babies born with innate schemas e.g. grasping
  • Become more detailed and sophisticated with age
  • Allow us to process lots quickly without getting overwhelmed
• Theoretical computer models


  • abstract
  • Information flows through cognitive system in stages e.g. MSM model
• Computer-concrete


  Programme a computer to see if such instructions give similar output to humans which is useful in development of AI
• Cognitive approach


  • Objective, scientific methods
  • Highly controlled and rigorous methods
  • lab studies for cognitive neuroscience to allow biology and psychology to come together
  • Credible
  • Real world application
  • Contribution to AI and thinking machines
  • May revolutionise future life by improvement EWT and treating depression
• Comparison to computers has been criticised

  • Ignores emotions and its effects on information processing
  • Weakens validity as machine reductionism
• Cognitive neuroscience


  The scientific study of the influence of brain structures on mental processes
• Cognitive neuroscience


  Mapping brain areas to specific cognitive functions
• Broca identified damage to frontal lobe could impair speech production is an early example of brain mapping
• • in the last 25 years, researchers have been able to use fMRI and PET scans to observe and describe the neurological basis of mental processes e.g how different types of LTM are located on opposite sides of prefrontal cortex
• Cognitive neuroscience has been instrumental in establishing the neurological basis of cognitive disorders
• Cognitive neuroscience has been used in brain fingerprinting to analyse brain waves in order to determine lies in court
• scanning techniques to identify neurological basis of disorders e.g OCD and parahippocampul gyrus