Motivation

• Motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic)

  Drive to succeed

  intrinsic- comes from within, need to achieve

  extrinsic- comes from outside, tangible: physical, trophy, intangible: non-physical, applause
• What type of motivation is better?

  Extrinsic motivation loses value

  Extrinsic motivation provides pressure to cheat

  Rewards removed may cause performers to give up as they compete for extrinsic rewards

  Intrinsic means they are doing it for the love of the sport
• Methods to maintain motivation

  Offer rewards or incentives, make activities fun and enjoyable, identify role models, set achievable goals, positive feedback, highlight health benefits
• Definition: motivation is a person’s desire to succeed. It is an individuals drive that inspires them to perform in sport.
• Types of motivation = extrinsic and intrinsic
• Extrinsic motivation – anything that is received from an outside source. Tangible = money, trophies, medals etc or Intangible = praise from crowd or coach.

  This type of motivation attracts performers to sport to begin with so is useful for cognitive performers as it raises their confidence and increases participation.

  It should be used sparingly, especially for younger performers. They might perform only for the rewards, losing enjoyment and the satisfaction gained from performing. Withdrawing reward can lead to withdrawal from participation.
• Intrinsic motivation = comes from the performers themselves. They participate for the ‘love’ of the sport, self-satisfaction, and the pride of achieving their own goals. Developing health and fitness can be a driving factor, or getting a P.B.

  This type of motivation will maintain participation for a longer period of time than extrinsic motivational methods.

  Coaches should encourage performers to set personal goals and to generate intrinsic motivation.
• Motivational strategies

  A range of strategies should be used to maintain drive in all performers:

  1)     Tangible, extrinsic rewards will initially attract performers and should be given periodically e.g. certificates/medals/POM.

  2)     Intangible extrinsic awards will increase confidence e.g. praise + positive reinforcement.

  3)     Make activity fun/enjoyable.

  4)     Set easily achievable tasks – ensure success.

  5)     Positive role models/significant others – performer can identify with.
• Motivational strategies pt2

  6)     Highlight health/fitness benefits of exercise.

  7)     Variable practice – prevents boredom + demotivation.

  8)     Generate intrinsic motivation though performance goals.

  9)     Continually set new + challenging goals, within reach of performer.

  10)  Punish lack of motivation (e.g. avoiding training/fitness)

  11)  Peer group pressure