ORCOM

• Communication


  The process of giving and receiving information between a human source and a human receiver using words, symbols, or actions
• Communication


  • It is a two-way process of connecting to both living and nonliving things
  • It is a means of sharing and exchanging messages, information, ideas, and feelings for mutual understanding
• Message


  For communication to take place, the message must be understood by the receiver for whom it is meant
• Communication


  • A social interaction through messages
  • Without interactions, a society cannot survive
• Communication process


  1. Sender converts thoughts (encodes) into signals

  2. Sender sends signals through a channel

  3. Noise reduces quality of signals

  4. Receiver hears signals

  5. Receiver converts (decodes) signals into thoughts

  6. Receiver sends feedback by becoming the sender
• The communication process does not proceed as simply as discussed in numbers 1 to 6. Rather, the process happens in a rapid back-and-forth but still orderly way
• As the communication transaction continues, the sender and receiver may exchange roles until understanding is achieved
• Barriers to communication sometimes block the transmission of the message thereby creating misunderstanding
• Communication is systematic. In the advent of technology, the exchange of information and messages in society has advanced and has been a subject of many studies
• Elements of communication


  • Senders
  • Receivers
  • Messages
  • Verbal and Nonverbal Symbols
  • Channels
  • Feedback
• Senders


  Convey messages by converting their thoughts into symbols or observable signals such as words (codification, usually through language)
• Receivers


  Hear the signals and convert the symbols into their thoughts (decoding, deciphering, or interpretation)
• Not only should the symbols be heard correctly, they should also have the same meaning for both senders and receivers. If not, a breakdown in communication will occur
• The sender is also responsible for dividing the symbols into chunks that are decipherable (understandable) to receivers
• Both senders and receivers must be competent in communication
• In many communication activities, senders and receivers switch roles frequently
• Messages


  The ideas or thoughts that are transmitted from sender to receiver, resulting from the interpretation of symbols when meaning is derived from observable signals
• The proper reception of a message depends on correct interpretation by the receiver of the symbols sent by the sender. Correct interpretation is greatly affected by the similarity between the culture and experience of the sender and receiver (schema or 'field of experience')
• Verbal Symbols


  Come in the form of utterances from the mouth, usually spoken words
• Nonverbal Symbols


  Come from body movements other than that of the mouth
• Channels


  The medium through which the message is sent, connecting the sender and the receiver (usually the air around them, but can include devices like microphones)
• Noise


  Anything that reduces the quality of the signal sent by the sender through the channel, weakening the communication between the sender and the receiver
• Feedback


  The message transmitted by the receiver in response to the message of the speaker, enabling the sender to make adjustments
• Feedback is very important in producing understanding between senders and receivers
• Types of communication


  • Intrapersonal
  • Interpersonal
  • Public
• Intrapersonal communication


  Involves talking to yourself, such as deliberation or meditation, to get to know yourself better, organize your thoughts, and heal yourself emotionally
• Interpersonal communication


  Involves talking to one or a limited number of people, requiring you to adjust your speech to suit the character and personality of the person or people you talk to
• Dyad


  Interpersonal communication between two people, maximizing the possibility of clarification and feedback
• Small group


  Interpersonal communication between three or more people, lessening the possibility of clarification and feedback
• Public communication


  Involves communicating to a wide group of people with varied traits, background, interests, and persuasions, requiring a lot of background explanation, avoiding specialized language and prejudicial comments, and limiting the opportunity for feedback and clarification