Hypotheses

• What is the purpose of the null hypothesis?

  The null hypothesis predicts that there will be no difference or correlation between conditions.
• What is a directional hypothesis?

  A directional hypothesis predicts the specific direction of the effect of the IV on the DV.
• What is a non-directional hypothesis?

  A non-directional hypothesis states that the IV will affect the DV but does not specify how.
• What are the steps to write a null hypothesis?


  1. State "There will be no difference/correlation..."
  2. State the 1st condition of the IV.
  3. State the 2nd condition of the IV.
  4. State "in terms of..."
  5. State the fully operationalised DV.
• What are the steps to write an experimental hypothesis?

  1. State "There will be a difference/correlation..."
  2. State the 1st condition of the IV.
  3. State the 2nd condition of the IV.
  4. State "in terms of..."
  5. State the fully operationalised DV.
• How do researchers determine whether to use a directional or non-directional hypothesis?

  Researchers consider previous research findings to predict the likely direction of results.
• How many hypothesis are accepted?

  1
• How do you know when to use a correlation or difference?

  correlation is when there isn’t two obvious variables
• What are the types of correlation?

  positive, negative, no correlation
• Reasons for directional hypothesis?

  clear due to previous research predicting the direction
• Reasons for a non-directional hypothesis?

  no previous research, conflicting findings, heavily criticised